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. 2021 Aug 13;12:723689. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.723689

Figure 1.

Figure 1

Stimulation of CD28 by SEB induces the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines in the absence of MHC class II molecules. (A, B) CH7C17 Jurkat cells expressing human CD28WT were stimulated for the indicated times with murine L cells (Dap3) or Dap3 expressing human B7.1/CD80 (Dap3/B7) in the presence or absence of different doses of SEB. IL-8 (A) and IL-2 (B) levels in culture supernatant were measured by ELISA. Data show the mean ± SEM of one out of three independent experiments. Statistical significance was calculated by 2-way ANOVA test. (C–F) CD28WT cells were stimulated for 24 hours with Dap3/B7 in the absence or presence of 1 μg ml-1 SEB. (C) IL-8 (n = 11), (D) IL-2 (n = 11), (E) TNF (n = 10), (F) IL-6, IL-17A and IFN-γ (n = 3) levels in culture supernatant were measured by ELISA. Data show the mean ± SEM and statistical significance was calculated by Student’s t test. Means values: IL-8, medium (med) = 1.7 pg ml-1, B7 = 76 pg ml-1, B7 SEB = 2767 pg ml-1; IL-2, med = 0 pg ml-1, B7 = 0.6 pg ml-1, B7 SEB = 454.4 pg ml-1; TNF, med = 4.1 pg ml-1; B7 = 3.3 pg ml-1, B7 SEB = 321.6 pg ml-1; IL-6, med = 0 pg ml-1, B7 = 0 pg ml-1, B7 SEB = 0 pg ml-1; IL-17A, med = 0 pg ml-1, B7 = 0 pg ml-1, B7 SEB = 0 pg ml-1; IFN-γ, med = 0 pg ml-1, B7 = 0 pg ml-1, B7 SEB = 16.5 pg ml-1. (***) p < 0.001, (****) p < 0.0001, NS, not significant.