Table 4.

Quality assessment of included cross-sectional studies.

References	Item 1	Item 2	Item 3	Item 4	Item 5	Item 6	Item 7	Item 8	Item 9	Item 10	Quality
Adeyemi et al. (18)	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	No	No	Yes	Unclear	No	Moderate
Klassen et al. (38)	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	Yes	No	No	Unclear	Yes	Moderate
Mikula et al. (39)	Yes	Yes	No	No	No	No	No	No	Unclear	Yes	Moderate
Flauzino et al. (40)	Yes	No	No	Yes	No	Yes	No	Yes	Unclear	No	Moderate
Paul et al. (41)	Yes	Yes	No	Unclear	No	No	No	Yes	Unclear	No	Moderate
Ross et al. (29)	Yes	Yes	Yes	Unclear	No	Yes	No	Yes	Unclear	No	Moderate
Thuppal et al. (30)	Yes	Yes	Yes	Unclear	No	Yes	No	Yes	Unclear	No	Moderate
Ceballos et al. (37)	Yes	Yes	Yes	Unclear	No	No	No	Yes	Unclear	No	Moderate
Hidron et al. (32)	Yes	No	Yes	Yes	No	No	No	Yes	Unclear	No	Moderate

The 10 evaluation items are as follows:

Item 1 Define the source of information (survey, record review).

Item 2 List the inclusion and exclusion criteria for exposed and unexposed subjects (cases and controls) or refer to previous publications.

Item 3 Indicate the time period used for identifying patients.

Item 4 Indicate whether or not the subjects were consecutive, if not population-based.

Item 5 Indicate if the evaluators of the subjective components of the study were masked to other aspects of the status of the participants.

Item 6 Describe any assessments undertaken for quality assurance purposes (e.g., test/retest of primary outcome measurements).

Item 7 Explain the exclusion of any patient from the analysis.

Item 8 Describe how confounding variables were assessed and/or controlled.

Item 9 If applicable, explain how missing data were handled in the analysis.

Item 10 Summarize the patient response rates and completeness of the data collection.