Fig. 1.
Possible approach for FOB in ICU in non-intubated patients. ARF, acute respiratory failure; FOB, flexible fiberoptic bronchoscopy; BAL, bronchoalveolar lavage; PaO2/FiO2 ratio between arterial partial pressure of oxygen and inspired oxygen fraction; CPAP, continuous positive airway pressure; NIV, non-invasive ventilation; HFNC, high-flow oxygen through nasal cannula; SARS-CoV-2, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2