Table 1.

Key features of HDSS sites

Host country	Site urbanicity	Size of site (km2)	Population size (approx.)	HDSS inception Year
Ghana [42]	Rural	7162	140,000	2003
Ghana [43]	Rural	1675	156,735	1992
Kenya [44]	Rural	891	280,000	2000
Kenya [45, 46]	Urban	5.5	88,974	2002
Malawi [47]	Rural	135	39,000	2002
South Africa [48]	Rural	438	139,250	2000
Uganda [49]	Rural	28	23,000	1989