Figure 2.

Parasitic plant classification by functional groups. A, Euphytoid parasites. B, Mistletoes. C, Parasitic vines. D, Obligate root parasites. E, Endoparasites. H, host; Hr, host root; Hs, host stem; P, parasite; Pt, parasite tuber; th, terminal haustorium; circles, lateral haustoria; dashed circle, parasite flower bud; arrow heads, parasite stems; arrow, endophytic tissue; asterisk, seedling with epicotyl abortion. All photos by L. Teixeira-Costa, except P. caatingola (R. Machado) and R. lowii (C.C. Davis). Scale bars: 2 cm.