TABLE 2.

Study quality of the diagnostic studies, as judged by the QUADAS‐2 checklist

Study	Risk of bias				Applicability concerns
	Patient selection	Index Test	Reference standard	Flow and timing	Patient Selection	Index Test	Reference Standard
Hu et al.31		?			?
Li et al.32				?	?
Li et al.33		?			?
Liu et al.34		?		?	?
Xing et al.35	?			?	?
Yi et al.36	?	?			?
Yuan et al.37	?				?
Zheng et al.38	?			?
Xiao et al.39		?
Yang et al.40				?	?
Xu et al.41					?
Yin et al.42	?				?
Lv et al.43		?		?

 = low;  = high; ? = unclear.

“Low” means “at low risk of bias” or having “low concern regarding applicability”; “High” means “at risk of bias” or having “concerns regarding applicability”; and “unclear” means insufficient data for judgment.