Table 1.

Characteristics of Included Studies

S No	"Author,Year, Study, Design"	Type of treatment	"PatientDetailsSex/Age"	Sample Size	Curcumin Formulations	Dosage &Directions	Results-Clinical Improvement	Therapy Duration	Adverse Effects	Outcome measures	Grading Scale
1	Suresh Rao et al 2014,Single-blinded, randomized controlled clinical trial	Radiotherapy/Radio-chemotherapy	26-85 years Males-64 Females-16	80 Adults,Group1-40,Group2-40	"Turmeric gargleVsPovidone-iodine"	Turmeric gargle -10 ml,2min,6 times a day.Povidone Iodine-1:100,10ml 2times a day	Decreased intolerable mucositis (P < 0.0001) Lesser incidence of treatment breaks before 4 weeks (P < 0.01) and reduced change in body weight (P < 0.001).	6 weeks	No side-effects	Gargling with turmeric delayed and reduced the severity of mucositis	RTOG
2	Mansourian et al 2015 ,Double blind,placebo-controlled randomized clinical trial	Radiotherapy	Males-31,Females-6	37 Adults	Curcuma longa gel Vs Placebo topical gel	"Gelwas applied for all radiotherapy duration (21 days) 3 times a day,15 min before initiation"	"Erythema-;Case Group-4.9 mm Control Group-8.9 mm;Ulcer-;Case Group-1.3mm; Control group-7.9mm"	8 weeks	Nausea after using gel, got resolved after 2 weeks	"Curcuma Longa improves the grade ofmucositis and reduces the size of oral lesions"	WHO,VAS
3	"Karthikeya Patil et al ,2015; Randomised; Controlled clinical trial"	Radio-chemotherapy	39-70 years,Males-11,Females-9	20 Adults,Group 1-10,Group 2-10	"Chlorhexidine mouthwash VsFreshly prepared curcumin mouthrinse"	Group 1-Chlorhexidine mouthwash 0.2%,1:1,1 min, Thrice daily.Curcumin Mouthrinse 0.0004%,1;5,1min ,thrice daily	Statistically significant difference was found in the NRS (p<0.001), Erythema (p=0.050), ulceration (p<0.001) and WHO scores (p=0.003) between the two groups.	20 days	No side-effects	Curcumin was better than chlorhexidine mouth wash in rapid wound healing, better patient compliance in management of oral mucositis.	"WHO Scale,OMAS,NRS"
4	"Charanthimath ,2016 Randomised; controlled clinical trial; Randomised; controlled clinical trial"	Radio-chemotherapy	_	40 Adults,Group A-20,Group B-20	Curcumin gel Vs Chlorhexidine gel	Group A-Curcumin gel,Group B-Chlorhexidine gel	"Change in ErythemaGroup A- 100% , Group B-57.7%;Size of Ulcer reductionGroup A-103.4%;Group B-53.6% "	2 weeks	No side-effects	Curcumin gel is an effective and safer alternative to chlorhexidine gel in treatment of oral mucositis	"NRS,OMAS,WHO Mucositis scale"
5	"Zahra Delavarian et al,2019Double-blind randomised clinical Trial"	Radiotherapy	Study-62.18+-15.07,Control-55.87+-15.33Females-13; Males-19	"Study Group-16Control Group-16"	"Nanocurcumin Vs Placebo(Lactose)"	1 capsule 80mg/day oral Nanocurcumin(1 capsule of sincurcumin 80mg /day	Statistically significant difference in the severity of mucositis between 2 groups at all visits.	"Day 0,7, 14, 21, 28, 35, 42"	No oral/systemic side effects	Nanomicelle curcumin is an effective agent in prevention of oral mucositis.	NCI-CTC v.2
S No	"Author,Year, Study, Design"	Type of treatment	"PatientDetailsSex/ Age"	Sample Size	Curcumin Formulations	Dosage &Directions	Results-Clinical Improvement	Therapy Duration	Adverse Effects	Outcome measures	Grading Scale
6	"Arun P et al,2020Randomised placebo controlled trial"	Radio-Chemotherapy	"30-90years;Male-28;Female-33;"	"Group A-30Group B -31"	Turmeric extract capsule Vs Placebo	"Group A-500mg turmeric extract thrice dailyGroup B-Placebo"	73.3% had grade 1 mucositis after 4 weeks of treatment. Difference is statistically significant from 3 weeks onwards(p<0.0001)	2 months	No side effects	Turmeric extract reduces the incidence and severity of radiation-induced mucositis.	"WHO,NCI CTCAE"
7	Shah et al 2021, Randomised,Parrallel arm, triple-blinded controlled clinical trial	Radiotherapy	"26-96 yearsMales-54Females-14"	"MIT-Control Group-35Study Group- 33PP-Control Group-9Study Group- 8"	Benzydamine 0.15% mouthwash, Curcumin 0.1% mouthwash,	10ml mouthwash thrice daily for 7 days, freshly prepared for 6 visits.(weekly)	Both mouthwashes were effective in delaying onset and preventing severe RIOM.	6 weeks	Burning sensation in 1 patient	0.1%Curcumin mouthwash significantly delay the onset of RIOM.	WHO
8	"Meghna Adhvaryu et al 2018Case controlled open labelled controlled Trial"	Radiotherapy/Radio-chemotherapy	"10-90 years;Males-174Females-30"	"Group 1-95 ControlGroup 2-109Trial group"	"Conventional Radio-chemotherapy, Oral Curcumin"	Control group -Conventional radio-chemotherapy Trial group -650 mg of oral curcumin fortified with 13mg of piperine /day +conventional therapy for 2 months 3 times/day starting from 3 days before planned radiation.	Significant reduction in incidence of mucositis from 92% to 51% (P ≤ 0.001) Grade III and IV mucositis from 51.6% to 12.8% (P≤ 0.001)	2 months	Mild stomach upset in 10%cases	Curcumin showed a adjuvant protective activity to radio-chemotherapy in HNCP.	WHO
9	"Saldanha et al2014;Quasi experimental pre-post intervention design"	Radiotherapy/Radio-chemotherapy	"31-75 yearsMale-32Female-8"	"40 Adults Group I-20 Group II-20 "	"Turmeric Mouth Wash VsSaline Mouth wash "	"50ml freshly prepared Turmeric mouthwash,Thrice daily for 5 days"	"Reduction in mean scoresPreday=25.4Postday=18.9"	5 days	No-side effects	Turmeric mouth wash was better than saline mouth wash.	"Oral mucositis Assessment checklistPain Scale"

MITو Modified Intention to Treat; PP, Per Protocol Analysis ; Visual Analog Scale(VAS), Numeric Rating Scale(NRS), Radiotherapy Oncology Group (RTOG), World Health Association (WHO) scales, Oral Mucositis Assessment Scale (OMAS), National Cancer Institute Common Toxicity Criteria version 2 scale (NCI-CTC v.2), National Cancer Institute Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events, version 4.0(NCI CTCAE assessment V.4, Radiation Induced Oral Mucositis(RIOM),RCT-Radio-chemotherapy,RT-Radiotherapy