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. 2021 Aug 27;11(18):9133–9161. doi: 10.7150/thno.61804

Figure 1.

Figure 1

Schematic representation of the principle underlying ELONA. (A) Direct ELONA. Samples are coated on the bottom and detected using the biotin-labeled analyte-targeting aptamer and streptavidin-HRP. A stronger signal indicates more analytes. (B) Sandwich ELONA. An analyte-targeting aptamer is immobilized on the bottom and samples are added to the wells. Analytes are captured by the immobilized aptamers and detected using another analyte-targeting aptamer and streptavidin-HRP. A stronger signal indicates more analytes. (C) Competitive ELONA. Analyte-targeting aptamers are immobilized on the well plate bottom. Samples and a known HRP-conjugated standard are then added into the wells synchronously to allow the analytes to compete with the standard substance. The weaker signal indicates more analytes.