Table 2 –
Cox proportional-hazards univariable and multivariable analysis of risk factors for biochemical recurrence for the 298 patients in the validation set who had detectable invasive cribriform carcinoma (CAI >0) and data available for all covariates
| Variable | Univariable | Multivariable | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
| ||||||
| HR (95% CI) | p value | CAI continuous | CAI categorical | |||
|
| ||||||
| HR (95% CI) | p value | HR (95% CI) | p value | |||
| log2 CAI | 1.31 (1.14–1.51) | <0.001 | 1.19 (1.03–1.38) | 0.018 | ||
| CAI >0.10 vs ≤0.10 | 2.30 (1.40–3.76) | <0.001 | – | – | 1.66 (0.97–2.85) | 0.063 |
| Gleason grade group | ||||||
| 1 | Reference | Reference | Reference | |||
| 2 | 1.40 (0.51–3.79) | 0.512 | 0.60 (0.21–1.69) | 0.332 | 0.62 (0.22–1.74) | 0.362 |
| 3 | 2.55 (0.95–6.84) | 0.063 | 0.88 (0.30–2.56) | 0.816 | 0.96 (0.33–2.80) | 0.942 |
| ≥4 | 3.46 (2.06–5.81) | <0.001 | 1.77 (0.60–5.17) | 0.299 | 1.85 (0.63–5.46) | 0.265 |
| PSM | 2.46 (1.48–4.10) | <0.001 | 1.59 (0.92–2.77) | 0.098 | 1.54 (0.88–2.71) | 0.129 |
| log2 PSA in ng/ml | 1.92 (1.50–2.45) | <0.001 | 1.63 (1.25–2.12) | <0.001 | 1.62 (1.24–2.10) | <0.001 |
| Stage ≥pT3 vs <pT3 | 4.02 (2.22–7.28) | <0.001 | 2.23 (1.13–4.37) | 0.020 | 2.18 (1.11–4.30) | 0.024 |
| Age at surgery in years | 1.05 (1.01–1.09) | 0.009 | 1.03 (0.99–1.06) | 0.125 | 1.03 (0.99–1.06) | 0.108 |
CAI = cribriform area index; CI = confidence interval; HR = hazard ratio; PSA = prostate-specific antigen (preoperative); PSM = positive surgical margin.