Table 1.
Characteristics of patients sampled with identification between March 2012 and December 2018 at the MSF Nap Kembe Trauma Hospital, Tabarre, Haiti
| 2012, n (%) | 2013, n (%) | 2014, n (%) | 2015, n (%) | 2016, n (%) | 2017, n (%) | 2018, n (%) | Total, n (%) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total patients with identification matched to medical data | 40 | 35 | 65 | 88 | 184 | 147 | 135 | 694 |
| sex | ||||||||
| female | 7 (17.5) | 4 (11.4) | 16 (24.6) | 25 (28.4) | 54 (29.3) | 37 (25.2) | 26 (23.9) | 169 (25.3) |
| male | 33 (82.5) | 31 (88.6) | 49 (75.4) | 63 (71.6) | 130 (70.7) | 110 (74.8) | 83 (76.1) | 499 (74.7) |
| age | ||||||||
| median age, years [IQR]) | 34 [26–47] | 31 [26–41] | 30 [24–39] | 30 [20–40] | 30 [18–45] | 29 [20–38] | 32 [25–44] | 30 [22–41] |
| reason for admission from ER | ||||||||
| trauma from accident | 28 (71.8) | 11 (31.4) | 46 (70.8) | 64 (72.7) | 123 (68.3) | 99 (69.2) | 72 (63.2) | 443 (66.7) |
| trauma from violence | 8 (20.5) | 2 (5.7) | 5 (7.7) | 15 (17.0) | 29 (16.1) | 26 (18.2) | 37 (32.5) | 122 (18.4) |
| non-traumaa | 3 (7.7) | 2 (5.7) | 4 (6.2) | 4 (4.5) | 13 (7.2) | 1 (0.7) | 2 (1.7) | 29 (4.4) |
| others | 0 (0.0) | 20 (57.1) | 10 (15.4) | 5 (5.7) | 15 (8.3) | 17 (11.9) | 3 (2.6) | 70 (10.5) |
| severity of patient at admission | ||||||||
| mild | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 6 (6.8) | 2 (1.1) | 3 (2.0) | 1 (0.7) | 12 (1.7) |
| moderate | 13 (32.5) | 16 (45.7) | 25 (38.5) | 17 (19.3) | 30 (16.3) | 22 (15.0) | 8 (5.9) | 131 (18.9) |
| severe | 21 (52.5) | 17 (48.6) | 31 (47.7) | 52 (59.1) | 111 (60.3) | 73 (49.7) | 63 (46.7) | 368 (53.0) |
| critical | 5 (12.5) | 2 (5.7) | 8 (12.3) | 12 (13.6) | 37 (20.1) | 45 (30.6) | 63 (46.7) | 172 (24.8) |
| not recorded | 1 (2.5) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (1.5) | 1 (1.1) | 4 (2.2) | 4 (2.7) | 0 (0.0) | 11 (1.6) |
| Total isolates | 79 | 137 | 226 | 322 | 398 | 369 | 262 | 1742 |
| bacteria | ||||||||
| S. aureus | 35 (44.3) | 38 (27.7) | 49 (21.7) | 66 (20.5) | 70 (17.6) | 42 (11.4) | 40 (19) | 340 (19.5) |
| P. aeruginosa | 15 (19.0) | 23 (16.8) | 44 (19.5) | 39 (12.1) | 65 (16.3) | 53 (14.4) | 20 (9.5) | 259 (14.9) |
| E. coli | 6 (7.6) | 16 (11.7) | 20 (8.8) | 35 (10.9) | 44 (11.1) | 52 (14.1) | 29 (13.7) | 202 (11.6) |
| E. cloacae | 5 (6.3) | 12 (8.8) | 24 (10.6) | 32 (9.9) | 35 (8.8) | 26 (7.0) | 22 (10.4) | 156 (9.0) |
| K. pneumoniae | 2 (2.5) | 14 (10.2) | 12 (5.3) | 25 (7.8) | 25 (6.3) | 33 (8.9) | 18 (8.5) | 129 (7.4) |
| E. faecalis | 1 (1.3) | 6 (4.4) | 14 (6.2) | 17 (5.3) | 31 (7.8) | 21 (5.7) | 23 (10.9) | 113 (6.5) |
| Acinetobacter baumannii | 3 (3.8) | 3 (2.2) | 11 (4.9) | 11 (3.4) | 12 (3.0) | 18 (4.9) | 4 (1.9) | 62 (3.6) |
| P. mirabilis | 2 (2.5) | 4 (2.9) | 3 (1.3) | 9 (2.8) | 15 (3.8) | 13 (3.5) | 3 (1.4) | 49 (2.8) |
| Serratia marcescens | 1 (1.3) | 2 (1.5) | 10 (4.4) | 12 (3.7) | 10 (2.5) | 8 (2.2) | 5 (2.4) | 48 (2.8) |
| Aeromonas hydrophilia | 2 (2.5) | 2 (1.5) | 4 (1.8) | 4 (1.2) | 12 (3.0) | 12 (3.3) | 7 (3.3) | 43 (2.5) |
| other | 7 (8.9) | 17 (12.4) | 35 (15.5) | 72 (22.4) | 79 (19.8) | 91 (24.7) | 40 (19) | 341 (19.6) |
| specimen type | ||||||||
| pus | 21 (26.6) | 41 (29.9) | 125 (55.3) | 208 (64.6) | 222 (55.8) | 196 (53.1) | 117 (55.5) | 930 (53.4) |
| wound swabs | 50 (63.3) | 81 (59.1) | 74 (32.7) | 62 (19.3) | 103 (25.9) | 108 (29.3) | 54 (25.6) | 532 (30.5) |
| blood cultures | 2 (2.5) | 6 (4.4) | 7 (3.1) | 21 (6.5) | 35 (8.8) | 27 (7.3) | 23 (10.9) | 121 (6.9) |
| fluidsb | 1 (1.3) | 7 (5.1) | 7 (3.1) | 22 (6.8) | 21 (5.3) | 22 (6.0) | 8 (3.8) | 88 (5.1) |
| bone | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 6 (2.7) | 4 (1.2) | 7 (1.8) | 4 (1.1) | 5 (2.4) | 26 (1.5) |
| tissue | 2 (2.5) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 2 (0.6) | 4 (1.0) | 6 (1.6) | 0 (0.0) | 14 (0.8) |
| othersc | 3 (3.8) | 2 (1.5) | 7 (3.1) | 3 (0.9) | 6 (1.6) | 6 (1.6) | 4 (1.9) | 31 (1.8) |
| location where isolates were taken | ||||||||
| IPD | 52 (65.8) | 69 (50.4) | 117 (51.8) | 177 (55.0) | 269 (67.6) | 144 (39.0) | 100 (47.4) | 928 (53.3) |
| ICU | 2 (2.5) | 35 (25.5) | 31 (13.7) | 45 (14) | 70 (17.6) | 60 (16.3) | 43 (20.4) | 286 (16.4) |
| OPD | 15 (19) | 9 (6.6) | 8 (3.5) | 11 (3.4) | 7 (1.8) | 22 (6) | 17 (8.1) | 89 (5.1) |
| othersd | 9 (11.4) | 15 (10.9) | 32 (14.2) | 17 (5.3) | 13.3 (3.3) | 5 (1.4) | 0 (0.0) | 91 (5.2) |
| not recorded | 1 (1.3) | 9 (6.6) | 38 (16.8) | 72 (22.4) | 39 (9.8) | 138 (37.4) | 51 (24.2) | 358 (20.0) |
ER, emergency room; IPD, inpatient department; OPD, outpatient department.
a
Non-trauma reasons include non-trauma surgical pathologies, cardiovascular emergencies and other non-trauma reasons not defined.
b
Including secretions.
c
Urine, faeces and other types of swab.
d
Other is procedure room in ER.