Table 2.

Approved Alzheimer’s disease treatments.

Reference	Drug class	Mechanism	Key findings
Sharma (2019)	Cholinesterase inhibitors	Blocks cholinesterase, which degrades acetylcholine.	Limited efficacy, high doses associated with negative side effects, such as worsened cognition.
Matsunaga et al. (2015)	Memantine	Blocks NMDA receptors, preventing neuron loss.	More promising efficacy, some improvements in cognition, well tolerated, but small effect sizes of clinical studies limit evidence.

Abbreviation: NMDA, N-Methyl-D-aspartic acid or N-Methyl-D-aspartate.