Table 3.
Results of multilevel logistic regression analysis assessing the odds of utilization of maternal and child healthcare services in hilly Himalayan regions of India, NFHS-4 (20015–16)
| Skilled birth attendance | Post-natal care | Ante-natal care | Full Immunization | No Immunization | At least two tetanus injection before birth | Given/took iron folic tablet/syrup for at least 100 days during pregnancy | Child received benefits from Anganwadi/ICDS, last 12 months | During Pregnancy received benefits from Anganwadi/ICDS | Received financial assistance for delivery cost | Financial assistance got from JSY for delivery cost | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Adjusted Odds Ratio (95% Confidence Interval) | |||||||||||
| Total | |||||||||||
| Plain | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Hilly | 0.42 (0.39–0.45)a | 0.56 (0.52–0.60)a | 1.08 (1.00–1.17)c | 0.82 (0.77–0.86)a | 1.62 (1.46–1.78)a | 0.46 (0.42–0.49)a | 1.74 (1.61–1.88)a | 0.96 (0.89–0.1.04)ns | 0.74 (0.68–0.82)a | 0.54 (0.50–0.58)a | 0.43 (0.41–0.47)a |
| Urban | |||||||||||
| Plain | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Hilly | 0.84 (0.71–0.99)b | 0.81 (0.71–0.92)b | 1.21 (1.05–1.41)b | 0.87 (0.79–0.96)b | 1.86 (1.56–2.22)a | 0.75 (0.65–0.86)a | 1.60 (1.40–1.83)a | 1.06 (1.0.90–1.24)ns | 0.89 (0.75–1.06)ns | 1.05 (0.92–1.21)ns | 0.86 (0.75–0.99)c |
| Rural | |||||||||||
| Plain | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Hilly | 0.34 (0.31–0.37)a | 0.48 (0.45–0.52)a | 1.06 (0.96–1.17)ns | 0.79 (0.74–0.85)a | 1.52 (1.34–1.70)a | 0.39 (0.36–0.43)a | 1.81 (1.65–1.99)a | 0.92 (0.84–0.1.01)ns | 0.70 (0.63–0.77)a | 0.41 (0.38–0.44)a | 0.33 (0.31–0.37)a |
a: p-value < 0.001; b: p-value < 0.05; c: p-value < 0.1; ns not significant