Table 4.
Baseline data between the training and validation group
| Training (n = 250) | Validation (n = 101) | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Gender (male/female) | 141/109 | 49/52 | 0.180 |
| Age (y) | 60.9 | 61.4 | 0.723 |
| Smoking history | 110 | 43 | 0.807 |
| Malignant history | 6 | 2 | 1.000 |
| CT features | |||
| Diameter (mm) | 15.6 | 15.9 | 0.534 |
| Lobulation | 163 | 62 | 0.500 |
| Spiculation | 157 | 67 | 0.532 |
| Pleural retraction sign | 92 | 36 | 0.839 |
| CT bronchus sign | 138 | 58 | 0.704 |
| Calcification | 12 | 2 | 0.264 |
| Mediastinal/hilar lymph nodule ≥ 10 mm | 52 | 24 | 0.542 |
| Lobes | 0.705 | ||
| Upper | 107 | 41 | |
| Non-upper | 143 | 60 | |
| Sides | 0.390 | ||
| Left | 121 | 54 | |
| Right | 129 | 47 | |
| Tumor markers | |||
| CEA (ug/L) | 3.3 | 3.2 | 0.886 |
| Cyfra21-1 (ng/ml) | 2.5 | 2.4 | 0.604 |
| SCC (ug/L) | 1.3 | 1.4 | 0.614 |
| NSE (ng/ml) | 13.2 | 13.1 | 0.890 |
| Final diagnoses | 0.865 | ||
| Malignant | 156 | 64 | |
| Benign | 94 | 37 | |
CEA: Carcinoembryonic antigen; CT: Computed tomography; NSE: Neuron-specific enolase; SCC: Squamous cell carcinoma antigen