Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of the study subjects
| TyG-BMI quintile | P-value | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Q1(96.68-164.00) | Q2(164.00-184.00) | Q3(184.00-204.10) | Q4(204.11-228.11) | Q5(228.11-477.08) | ||
| No. of subjects | 23332 | 23332 | 23333 | 23331 | 23333 | |
| Age (years) | 35.00 (31.00-42.00) | 39.00 (33.00-49.00) | 43.00 (35.00-54.00) | 46.00 (36.00-57.00) | 46.00 (37.00-58.00) | <0.001 |
| Sex | <0.001 | |||||
| Male | 5899 (25.28%) | 9418 (40.37%) | 13306 (57.03%) | 16083 (68.93%) | 18053 (77.37%) | |
| Female | 17433 (74.72%) | 13914 (59.63%) | 10027 (42.97%) | 7248 (31.07%) | 5280 (22.63%) | |
| Family history of diabetes | 492 (2.11%) | 563 (2.41%) | 522 (2.24%) | 517 (2.22%) | 540 (2.31%) | <0.001 |
| Height (cm) | 164.07 (7.44) | 164.99 (8.13) | 166.43 (8.49) | 167.52 (8.39) | 168.44 (8.30) | <0.001 |
| Weight (kg) | 52.02 (5.79) | 58.69 (6.53) | 64.41 (7.32) | 70.03 (7.83) | 79.24 (10.26) | <0.001 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 19.29 (1.30) | 21.50 (1.12) | 23.19 (1.20) | 24.89 (1.32) | 27.86 (2.36) | <0.001 |
| SBP (mmHg) | 110.29 (13.49) | 114.84 (14.86) | 119.76 (15.65) | 123.68 (16.16) | 128.57 (16.60) | <0.001 |
| DBP (mmHg) | 68.00 (63.00-74.00) | 70.00 (64.00-77.00) | 74.00 (67.00-81.00) | 76.00 (70.00-84.00) | 80.00 (73.00-88.00) | <0.001 |
| FPG (mmol/L) | 4.69 (0.53) | 4.83 (0.54) | 4.94 (0.57) | 5.05 (0.60) | 5.23 (0.64) | <0.001 |
| TG (mmol/L) | 0.66 (0.51-0.84) | 0.87 (0.69-1.11) | 1.10 (0.85-1.45) | 1.44 (1.10-1.90) | 2.07 (1.51-2.88) | <0.001 |
| TyG | 7.81 (0.38) | 8.11 (0.38) | 8.38 (0.41) | 8.67 (0.43) | 9.08 (0.52) | <0.001 |
| TC (mmol/L) | 4.43 (0.79) | 4.63 (0.83) | 4.79 (0.87) | 4.95 (0.89) | 5.14 (0.92) | <0.001 |
| HDL-C (mmol/L) | 1.53 (0.31) | 1.45 (0.29) | 1.36 (0.28) | 1.30 (0.27) | 1.23 (0.27) | <0.001 |
| LDL-C (mmol/L) | 2.50 (0.59) | 2.68 (0.63) | 2.81 (0.67) | 2.91 (0.68) | 2.95 (0.72) | <0.001 |
| ALT (IU/L) | 13.00 (10.20-17.00) | 15.00 (11.50-20.30) | 18.00 (13.60-25.00) | 22.00 (16.00-31.28) | 29.00 (20.10-43.70) | <0.001 |
| AST (IU/L) | 19.90 (17.00-23.00) | 20.70 (17.70-24.20) | 22.00 (18.70-26.00) | 23.00 (19.90-28.00) | 25.70 (21.20-32.00) | <0.001 |
| BUN (mmol/L) | 4.28 (3.60-5.09) | 4.44 (3.73-5.25) | 4.60 (3.88-5.42) | 4.72 (4.02-5.53) | 4.79 (4.06-5.60) | <0.001 |
| Scr (mmol/L) | 60.30 (53.30-70.90) | 64.70 (55.60-77.60) | 70.90 (59.00-82.00) | 74.90 (63.20-84.30) | 76.10 (66.00-85.80) | <0.001 |
| Smoking status | <0.001 | |||||
| Non | 556 (2.38%) | 859 (3.68%) | 1199 (5.14%) | 1719 (7.37%) | 2325 (9.96%) | |
| Former | 95 (0.41%) | 172 (0.74%) | 294 (1.26%) | 362 (1.55%) | 403 (1.73%) | |
| Current | 5106 (21.88%) | 5022 (21.52%) | 4995 (21.41%) | 4861 (20.83%) | 4665 (19.99%) | |
| Not recorded | 17575 (75.33%) | 17279 (74.06%) | 16845 (72.19%) | 16389 (70.25%) | 15940 (68.32%) | |
| Drinking status | <0.001 | |||||
| Non | 50 (0.21%) | 82 (0.35%) | 151 (0.65%) | 233 (1.00%) | 356 (1.53%) | |
| Former | 483 (2.07%) | 759 (3.25%) | 1160 (4.97%) | 1426 (6.11%) | 1696 (7.27%) | |
| Current | 5224 (22.39%) | 5212 (22.34%) | 5177 (22.19%) | 5283 (22.64%) | 5341 (22.89%) | |
| Not recorded | 17575 (75.33%) | 17279 (74.06%) | 16845 (72.19%) | 16389 (70.25%) | 15940 (68.32%) | |
Values were expressed as mean (SD) or medians (quartile interval) or n (%). The differences among quintiles were evaluated by one-way ANOVA and Tukey’s HSD test or the Kruskal–Wallis test and Steel–Dwass test. After making a pairwise comparison between the quintiles, the results showed that there were significant differences among all groups (P < 0.05)
Abbreviations: BMI Body mass index, SBP systolic blood pressure, DBP diastolic blood pressure FPG fasting plasma glucose, TG triglyceride, TyG the triglyceride-glucose index, TyG-BMI triglyceride glucose-body mass index, TC total cholesterol, LDL-C low-density lipid cholesterol, BUN blood urea nitrogen, Scr serum creatinine, ALT alanine aminotransferase, AST aspartate aminotransferase