Table 5.
Combined associations of SUA levels and famine exposure with prevalence of hypertension (N = 9368)
| Famine exposure | Prevalence of hypertension odds ratio (95%CI) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Model onea | Model twob | Model threec | Model fourd | |||||
| SUA levels | SUA levels | SUA levels | SUA levels | |||||
| Male | Normal | High | Normal | High | Normal | High | Normal | High |
| No-exposed | 1.00 (reference) | 1.81 (0.79, 4.14) | 1.00 (reference) | 1.79 (0.78, 4.12) | 1.00 (reference) | 1.76 (0.76, 4.06) | 1.00 (reference) | 1.65 (0.7, 3.88) |
| Fetal exposed | 1.29 (0.95, 1.75) | 2.66 (1.29, 5.49) | 1.30 (0.95, 1.76) | 2.75 (1.33, 5.68) | 1.28 (0.94, 1.75) | 2.69 (1.30, 5.58) | 1.35 (0.99, 1.84) | 2.22 (1.05, 4.7) |
| Childhood-exposed | 1.39 (1.09, 1.77) | 3.32 (2.09, 5.25) | 1.39 (1.09, 1.78) | 3.26 (2.06, 5.18) | 1.38 (1.08, 1.77) | 3.29 (2.07, 5.23) | 1.51 (1.17, 1.93) | 3.35 (2.1, 5.36) |
| Adolescence/adult-exposed | 2.05 (1.61, 2.61) | 3.26 (2.18, 4.87) | 2.00 (1.57, 2.56) | 3.17 (2.12, 4.75) | 2.00 (1.57, 2.57) | 3.17 (2.11, 4.75) | 2.40 (1.86, 3.09) | 3.56 (2.36, 5.38) |
| P for trend | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | < 0.001 |
| P-interaction | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | ||||
| Female | Normal | High | Normal | High | Normal | High | Normal | High |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No-exposed | 1.00 (reference) | 2.07 (0.77, 5.61) | 1.00 (reference) | 2.07 (0.76, 5.62) | 1.00 (reference) | 1.98 (0.73, 5.38) | 1.00 (reference) | 1.86 (0.68, 5.08) |
| Fetal exposed | 1.18 (0.91, 1.52) | 2.23 (0.88, 5.69) | 1.16 (0.90, 1.51) | 2.23 (0.87, 5.70) | 1.17 (0.90, 1.52) | 2.18 (0.85, 5.59) | 1.17 (0.9, 1.52) | 1.88 (0.72, 4.91) |
| Childhood-exposed | 1.63 (1.33, 2.00) | 3.77 (2.37, 5.98) | 1.50 (1.22, 1.85) | 3.41 (2.14, 5.43) | 1.52 (1.24, 1.87) | 3.50 (2.19, 5.58) | 1.62 (1.31, 1.99) | 3.09 (1.91, 4.98) |
| Adolescence/adult-exposed | 3.55 (2.89, 4.35) | 5.94 (3.92, 9.01) | 3.01 (2.43, 3.74) | 4.99 (3.27, 7.62) | 3.07 (2.47, 3.81) | 5.12 (3.35, 7.82) | 3.49 (2.8, 4.36) | 5.41 (3.52, 8.34) |
| P for trend | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | < 0.001 |
| P-interaction | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | ||||
| Total | Normal | High | Normal | High | Normal | High | Normal | High |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No-exposed | 1.00 (reference) | 1.96 (1.04, 3.71) | 1.00 (reference) | 1.94 (1.03, 3.67) | 1.00 (reference) | 1.93 (1.02, 3.65) | 1.00 (reference) | 1.80 (0.95, 3.45) |
| Fetal exposed | 1.23 (1.01, 1.5) | 2.58 (1.46, 4.55) | 1.23 (1.01, 1.50) | 2.66 (1.50, 4.69) | 1.23 (1.01, 1.50) | 2.69 (1.52, 4.75) | 1.25 (1.03, 1.53) | 2.23 (1.24, 4.01) |
| Childhood-exposed | 1.53 (1.31, 1.79) | 3.59 (2.60, 4.97) | 1.47 (1.26, 1.72) | 3.37 (2.43, 4.67) | 1.49 (1.27, 1.74) | 3.43 (2.47, 4.75) | 1.59 (1.36, 1.87) | 3.25 (2.33, 4.53) |
| Adolescence/adult-exposed | 2.74 (2.35, 3.2) | 4.37 (3.28, 5.81) | 2.47 (2.11, 2.90) | 3.94 (2.96, 5.26) | 2.49 (2.12, 2.93) | 3.99 (2.99, 5.32) | 2.90 (2.47, 3.42) | 4.34 (3.24, 5.81) |
| P for trend | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | < 0.001 |
| P-interaction | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | ||||
BMI, body mass index; CI, confidence interval; OR, odds ratio; SUA, serum uric acid; SBP, systolic blood pressure
(1) In model one: aUnadjusted; age-adjusted by design
(2) In model two: bAdjusted for age, education, marital status, living place
(3) In model three: cAdjusted for age, education, marital status, living place, smoking status, alcohol consumption status, eating habit, social and leisure activities, experience of a traumatic event, taking physical activity or exercise;
(4) In model four: dAdjusted for age, education, marital status, living place, smoking status, alcohol consumption status, eating habit, social and leisure activities, experience of a traumatic event, taking physical activity or exercise, and BMI