1. Electrical and Electronics industry:
The equipment such as smartphones and computers play a key role in India's import bill.
The value addition in India's electronics industry is limited to mostly assemblage
The country depends on imports to access most of the primary and critical components that are required for their assemblage, including printed circuit boards (PCBs).
For example, around 88% of the components used by the mobile handsets, industry are imported from other countries, mostly China
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1. Pharmaceutical industry:
These industries are capable of making finished formulations, and also have domestic manufacturers of several key ingredients that are required to make the related products.
But the industry also imports some key ingredients such as antibiotics and vitamins which are currently not manufactured in India.
India is presently trying to encourage domestic firms to make these key ingredients, known as fermentation‐based APIs.
India imported around Rs 249 billion worth of key ingredients, including fermentation‐based ingredients, in FY19, and this accounted for approximately 40% of the overall domestic consumption.
3. Automobile industry:
Some auto manufacturers depend on imports for various components.
On the other hand, India's electric vehicles industry is dependent, “to a large extent” on Chinese imports for chemicals that are used to make cathodes and battery cells.
4. Dyes and dyestuff industry:
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2. Other products: India currently does have the capacity to domestically make products like hot water bottles, mercury thermometers, hypodermic needles, wheelchairs, and patient monitoring display units.
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