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Main vaccine formulations developed for cancer therapy.
Four types of vaccine platforms have been developed for therapeutic purposes: viral/bacterial-based, gene-based, peptide-based, and cell-based vaccines.27 Examples of each different strategies are depicted. APC, antigen-presenting cell; DC, dendritic cell; HSV-1, herpes simplex virus 1; IFN-γ, interferon-γ; IL-2, interleukin-2; mRNA, messenger RNA; TNF, tumor necrosis factor; T-VEC, talimogene laherparepvec.
