TABLE 2.
Characteristics of included studies
| Study | Sample size | Design | Overall age mean ± SD | Malen (%) | Hypertension | Diabetes | Corticosteroid use | Vitamin D dose | Number of patients receiving Vitamin D versus Control |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Annweiler C et al. 21 2020 | 66 | Retrospective cohort | 87.7 ± 9 | 15 (22.7%) | N/A | N/A | 4 (6.1%) | Cholecalciferol oral: 80,000 IU every 2–3 months | 57 (86.3%) versus 9 (13.7%) |
| Annweiler G et al. 22 2020 | 77 | Retrospective cohort | 88.3 ± 5.1 | 39 (50.6%) | 49 (63.6%) | N/A | 13 (16.9%) | Group 1: Cholecalciferol oral 50,000 IU per month, or the doses of 80,000 IU or 100,000 IU every 2–3 months. Group 2: Cholecalciferol oral 80,000 IU/months | 45 (58.4%) versus 32 (41.6%) |
| Cangiano B et al. 23 2020 | 98 | Prospective cohort | 89.6 ± 6.53 | 38 (24.2%) | 48 (48.9%) | 11 (11.2%) | 8 (8.1%) | Cholecalciferol oral: 25,000 IU twice a months | 20 (20.4%) versus 78 (79.6%) |
| Castillo ME et al. 24 2020 | 76 | Open‐label, randomized clinical trial | 53 ± 10 | 45 (59%) | 26 (34.2%) | 8 (10.5%) | N/A | Calcifediol oral: 0.532 mg on Day 1, then 0.266 on Day 3 and 7 | 50 (65.7%) versus 26 (34.3%) |
| Giannini S et al. 25 2021 | 91 | Retrospective cohort | 74 ± 13 | 50 (55%) | N/A | 30 (33%) | 41 (45%) | Cholecalciferol oral: 200,000 IU daily for 2 consecutive days | 36 (39.5%) versus 55 (60.5%) |
| Hernandez JL et al. 26 2020 | 216 | Retrospective case‐control | 59.5 ± 16.6 | 130 (60.1%) | 88 (40.7%) | 34 (15.7%) | 47 (21.7%) | Cholecalciferol oral: 25,000 IU/monthly in 11 patients. Calcifediol oral: 0.266 mg/monthly in eight patients | 19 (8.7%) versus 197 (91.3%) |
| Jevalikar G et al. 27 2021 | 409 | Cross‐sectional | 46.3 ± 15.4 | 134 (68%) | 163 (39.8%) | 188 (45.9%) | N/A | Cholecalciferol oral: 60,000 IU | 197 (48.1%) versus 212 (51.9%) |
| Ling SF et al. 28 2020 | 444 | Cross‐sectional | 73.3 ± 14.8 | 245 (55.2%) | 197 (44.4%) | 129 (29.1%) | N/A | Cholecalciferol oral: 40,000 IU weekly (47.9%), 20,000 IU twice weekly (28.8%), 20,000 IU weekly (11%) for a maximum of 7 weeks | 73 (16.4%) versus 371 (83.6%) |
| Murai IH et al. 29 2021 | 237 | Double‐blind, randomized clinical trial | 56.5 ± 13.8 | 133 (56.1%) | 126 (53.1%) | 84 (35.4%) | 150 (63.2%) | Cholecalciferol oral: 200,000 IU single dose | 119 (50.2%) versus 118 (49.8%) |
| Tan CW et al. 30 2020 | 43 | Prospective cohort | 61.7 ± 7.5 | 26 (60.4%) | 24 (55.8%) | 6 (13.9%) | N/A | Cholecalciferol oral: 1000 IU/day for up to 14 days | 17 (39.5%) versus 26 (60.5%) |
| Vasheghani M et al. 31 2021 | 508 | Cross‐sectional | 56 ± 17 | 264 (52%) | 35 (7%) | 116 (23%) | 27 (5.3%) | Cholecalciferol oral: at least 50,000 IU during the past months | 88 (17%) versus 420 (83%) |