Table 1.
Baseline Demographic and Clinical Characteristics
| Variables | All Patients n (%) | Training Set | Validation Set |
|---|---|---|---|
| n (%) | n (%) | ||
| Total | 12,526 | 8350 (66.7) | 4176 (33.3) |
| Gender | |||
| Male | 7677 (61.3) | 5106 (61.1) | 2571 (61.6) |
| Female | 4849 (38.7) | 3244 (38.9) | 1605 (38.4) |
| Age, years | |||
| <39 | 4345 (34.7) | 2911 (34.9) | 1434 (34.3) |
| 39–44 | 2617 (20.9) | 1747 (20.9) | 870 (20.8) |
| >44 | 5564 (44.4) | 3692 (44.2) | 1872 (44.8) |
| Race | |||
| White | 9948 (79.4) | 6626 (79.4) | 3322 (79.5) |
| Black | 1511 (12.1) | 1033 (12.4) | 478 (11.4) |
| Others | 1067 (8.5) | 691 (8.3) | 376 (9.0) |
| Grade | |||
| Grade I | 1633 (13.0) | 1078 (12.9) | 555 (13.3) |
| Grade II | 5859 (46.8) | 3930 (47.1) | 1929 (46.2) |
| Grade III | 2636 (21.0) | 1750 (21.0) | 886 (21.2) |
| Grade IV | 669 (5.3) | 457 (5.5) | 212 (5.1) |
| Unknown | 1729 (13.8) | 1135 (13.6) | 594 (14.2) |
| AJCC stage | |||
| I | 8972 (71.6) | 5995 (71.8) | 2977 (71.3) |
| II | 1502 (12.0) | 981 (11.7) | 521 (12.5) |
| III | 1285 (10.30 | 863 (10.3) | 422 (10.1) |
| IV | 767 (6.1) | 511 (6.1) | 256 (6.1) |
| T stage | |||
| T1 | 9073 (72.4) | 6065 (72.6) | 3008 (72.0) |
| T2 | 1670 (13.3) | 1097 (13.1) | 573 (13.7) |
| T3 | 1672 (13.3) | 1121 (13.4) | 551 (13.2) |
| T4 | 111 (0.9) | 67 (0.8) | 44 (1.1) |
| N stage | |||
| N0 | 12,024 (96.0) | 8010 (95.9) | 4014 (96.1) |
| N1 | 268 (2.1) | 184 (2.2) | 84 (2.0) |
| N2 | 234 (1.9) | 156 (1.9) | 78 (1.9) |
| M stage | |||
| M0 | 11,893 (94.9) | 7935 (95.0) | 3958 (94.8) |
| M1 | 633 (5.1) | 415 (5.0) | 218 (5.2) |
| Histology | |||
| CCRCC | 7506 (59.9) | 4998 (59.9) | 2508 (60.1) |
| RCC-NOS | 3417 (27.3) | 2259 (27.1) | 1158 (27.7) |
| PRCC | 1070 (8.5) | 736 (8.8) | 334 (8.0) |
| Others | 533 (4.3) | 357 (4.3) | 176 (4.2) |
| SEER stage | |||
| Localized | 10,474 (83.6) | 6976 (83.5) | 3498 (83.8) |
| Regional | 1404 (11.2) | 950 (11.4) | 454 (10.9) |
| Distant | 648 (5.2) | 424 (5.1) | 224 (5.4) |
| Chemotherapy | |||
| No/Unknown | 12,310 (98.3) | 7982 (95.6) | 3983 (95.4) |
| Yes | 216 (1.7) | 368 (4.4) | 193 (4.6) |
| Radiotherapy | |||
| No/Unknown | 11,965 (95.5) | 8202 (98.2) | 4108 (98.4) |
| Yes | 561 (4.5) | 148 (1.8) | 68 (1.6) |
Abbreviations: AJCC, American Joint Committee on Cancer; SEER, Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results; RCC-NOS, renal cell carcinoma not otherwise specified; CCRCC, clear cell renal cell carcinoma; PRCC, papillary renal cell carcinoma.