Table 2.
Univariate and Multivariate Analysis of Overall Survival (OS) Rates in Training Set
| Variables | No. of Patients | Univariate Analysis | Multivariate Analysis | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| P value | HR (95% CI) | P value | ||
| Gender | <0.001 | |||
| Male | 5106 | Reference | ||
| Female | 3244 | 0.81 (0.70–0.93) | 0.004 | |
| Age, years | <0.001 | |||
| <39 | 2911 | Reference | ||
| 39–44 | 1747 | 1.36 (1.15–1.59) | <0.001 | |
| >44 | 3692 | 1.30 (1.08–1.55) | 0.005 | |
| Race | <0.001 | |||
| White | 6626 | Reference | ||
| Black | 1033 | 1.58 (1.33–1.88) | <0.001 | |
| Others | 691 | 0.90 (0.70–1.16) | 0.414 | |
| Grade | <0.001 | |||
| Grade I | 1078 | Reference | ||
| Grade II | 3930 | 0.88 (0.66–1.18) | 0.402 | |
| Grade III | 1750 | 1.65 (1.23–2.22) | 0.001 | |
| Grade IV | 457 | 2.58 (1.88–3.55) | <0.001 | |
| Unknown | 1135 | 1.11 (0.79–1.54) | 0.555 | |
| AJCC stage | <0.001 | |||
| I | 5995 | Reference | ||
| II | 981 | 1.07 (0.65–1.77) | 0.794 | |
| III | 863 | 1.97 (1.29–2.99) | 0.002 | |
| IV | 511 | 4.47 (2.74–7.31) | <0.001 | |
| T stage | <0.001 | |||
| T1 | 6065 | Reference | ||
| T2 | 1097 | 1.59 (1.03–2.47) | 0.038 | |
| T3 | 1121 | 2.12 (1.45–3.10) | <0.001 | |
| T4 | 67 | 2.55 (1.61–4.05) | <0.001 | |
| N stage | <0.001 | |||
| N0 | 8010 | Reference | ||
| N1 | 184 | 1.88 (1.51–2.35) | <0.001 | |
| N2 | 156 | 1.78 (1.37–2.30) | <0.001 | |
| M stage | <0.001 | |||
| M0 | 7935 | Reference | ||
| M1 | 415 | 2.01 (1.44–2.79) | <0.001 | |
| Histology | <0.001 | |||
| CCRCC | 4998 | Reference | ||
| RCC-NOS | 2259 | 1.02 (0.87–1.20) | 0.794 | |
| PRCC | 736 | 1.14 (0.91–1.44) | 0.254 | |
| Others | 357 | 1.75 (1.40–2.20) | <0.001 | |
| SEER stage | <0.001 | |||
| Localized | 6976 | Reference | ||
| Regional | 950 | - | 0.110 | |
| Distant | 424 | - | 0.110 | |
| Chemotherapy | <0.001 | |||
| No/Unknown | 7982 | Reference | ||
| Yes | 368 | 1.43 (1.18–1.74) | <0.001 | |
| Radiotherapy | <0.001 | |||
| No/Unknown | 8202 | Reference | ||
| Yes | 148 | 1.41 (1.13–1.76) | 0.003 | |
Abbreviations: OS, overall survival; HR, hazard ratio; CI, confidence intervals; AJCC, American Joint Committee on Cancer; SEER, Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results; RCC-NOS, renal cell carcinoma not otherwise specified; CCRCC, clear cell renal cell carcinoma; PRCC, papillary renal cell carcinoma.