Table 1.
Definitions and Sources of All Measures and Factors Used in Analyses of Geographic Disparities in Late-Stage Breast Cancer Diagnosis Rates
| Variable | Date of data | Source |
|---|---|---|
| Proportion regional: proportion of BC cases diagnosed at regional stage | 2004–2014 | Developed by L.R.M. from the United States Cancer Statistics Database, https://www.cdc.gov/rdc/index.htm |
| Proportion distant: proportion of BC cases diagnosed at distant stage | ||
| Proportion AI/AN: proportion of BC cases from AI/AN | ||
| Proportion API: proportion of BC cases from API | ||
| Proportion Black proportion of BC cases from non-Hispanic African Americans | ||
| Proportion Hispanic: proportion of BC cases from Hispanic Americans | ||
| Proportion other: proportion of BC cases from all other races or ethnicities | ||
| Proportion White: proportion of BC cases from non-Hispanic White Americans | ||
| Diversity Index: Theil Index of residential diversity among all U.S. population | 2000, 5-year aggregate 2007–2011 | Developed by L.R.M. from the United States Decennial Census and American Community Survey, https://www.census.gov |
| % Graduate/professional: percent of U.S. population with an advanced degree | ||
| % No high school or equivalent: percent of U.S. population with low education | ||
| (GINI) index of income disparity: calculated by U.S. Census on U.S. population | ||
| Isolation index American Indian: based on isolation index defined in literature | ||
| Isolation index Asian: based on isolation index defined in literature | ||
| Isolation Index African American: based on isolation index defined in literature | ||
| Isolation index Hispanic: based on isolation index defined in literature | ||
| Isolation index Pacific Islander: based on isolation index defined in literature | ||
| Isolation index non-Hispanic White: based on isolation index defined in literature | ||
| Proportion poor or no English language: proportion who do not speak English well | ||
| % Unemployed: percent of U.S. population unemployed | ||
| % Uninsured aged 40–64: percent of U.S. population 40–64 years of age no health insurance % Uninsured: percent of U.S. population with no health insurance |
2006, 2012 | Developed by L.R.M. from SAHIE Program, https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/sahie.html |
| Mammography facilities per 1,000: number of licensed mammography units per 1,000 women 25–79 years of age | 2000–2005; 2005–2010 | Developed from proprietary United States Food and Drug Administration data by Dr. Jan Eberth, https://sc.edu/study/colleges_schools/public_health/faculty-staff/eberth_jan.php |
| Proportion managed care penetration, calculated as the number of enrollees/number of eligible | 2005, 2011 | Developed by L.R.M. from Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services, Geographic Service Area files, https://www.cms.gov/Research-Statistics-Data-and-Systems/Statistics-Trends-and-Reports/HealthPlanRepFileData/Geo.html |
| Persistent poverty: proportion of counties that have been persistently poor for two decades | 2000, 5-year aggregate 2007–2011 | Developed by L.R.M. from United States Decennial Census and American Community Survey, https://www.census.gov |
| % Poor Black rural: percent of U.S. population who are poor, Black, and living rural | ||
| % Poor Black urban: percent of U.S. population who are poor, Black, and living urban | ||
| % Poor Hispanic rural: percent of U.S. population who are poor, Hispanic, and rural | ||
| % Poor Hispanic urban: percent of U.S. population who are poor, Hispanic, and urban | ||
| % Poor White rural: percent of U.S. population who are poor, non-Hispanic White, and rural | ||
| % Poor White urban: percent of U.S. population who are poor, non-Hispanic White, urban | ||
| Proportion population in poverty: percent of U.S. population who are poor | ||
| Proportion vacant housing: percent of U.S. housing stock that is vacant | ||
| Proportion heat with wood fire: percent of U.S. housing stock that is heated by wood | ||
| Proportion living crowded: percent of U.S. population who live in crowded quarters | ||
| Proportion no plumbing: percent of U.S. housing stock that has no indoor plumbing | ||
| Emphasis farming: proportion counties with main economic emphasis being farming | 2004, 2014 | Developed by L.R.M. from United States Department of Agriculture Economic Research Service data County Typology Codes, https://www.ers.usda.gov/data-products/ |
| Emphasis low education: proportion counties with high proportions of low educated people | ||
| Emphasis manufacturing: proportion counties with main economic emphasis being manufacturing | ||
| Emphasis mining: proportion counties with main economic emphasis being mining | ||
| Emphasis population loss: proportion counties that consistently lose population to outmigration |
BC, breast cancer; AI, American Indians; AN, Alaskan Natives; API, Asians/Pacific Islander; SAHIE, Small Area Health Insurance Estimates.