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Parents’ versus students’ perception on parental involvement.
| Parent report |
Student report |
Gap (Parent-student) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mean | SD | Mean | SD | ||
| Parental academic involvement | 3.292 | 0.876 | 3.319 | 0.952 | −0.027 |
| Parent-child communication | 3.628 | 0.790 | 3.596 | 0.895 | 0.032 |
| Parent-teacher communication | 0.427 | 0.506 | −0.079 |
