Table 2.
Deaths, ASDRs, and change trends of colorectal cancer attributable to dietary risks between 1990 and 2019.
| Location | Sex | Deaths (95% UI) | ASDR (95% UI) | EAPC (95% CI) | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1990 | 2019 | 1990 | 2019 | 1990–2019 | ||
| Global | Both | 179639.2 (138268.4–212910.39) | 365751.8 (272831.26–442144.29) | 4.95 (3.82–5.88) | 4.61 (3.43–5.58) | −0.29 (−0.36–0.22) |
| Female | 88528.61 (66627.46–105332.68) | 161411.62 (118853.46–195783.1) | 4.38 (3.3–5.24) | 3.69 (2.72–4.47) | −0.7 (−0.77–0.62) | |
| Male | 91110.58 (70612.93–107476.18) | 204340.18 (152123.06–246151.48) | 5.72 (4.43–6.73) | 5.71 (4.26–6.91) | 0.02 (−0.06–0.09) | |
| Sociodemographic Index | ||||||
| High SDI | Both | 71931.18 (53299.33–88470.24) | 105343.32 (76587.92–129173.68) | 6.86 (5.09–8.43) | 5.25 (3.83–6.41) | −1.04 (−1.11–0.98) |
| Female | 35679.85 (26077.35–44361.13) | 48754.24 (35264.31–60676.94) | 5.64 (4.12–6.98) | 4.16 (3.01–5.13) | −1.19 (−1.28–1.11) | |
| Male | 36251.34 (26897.69–44027.87) | 56589.08 (41323.31–68668.46) | 8.63 (6.42–10.51) | 6.57 (4.8–7.96) | −1.06 (−1.11–1.01) | |
| High–middle SDI | Both | 57246.81 (42913.76–67889.67) | 107585.91 (78263.39–131416.46) | 5.66 (4.23–6.74) | 5.35 (3.89–6.53) | −0.32 (−0.43–0.2) |
| Female | 28794.62 (21443.6–34485.75) | 46426.25 (32897.5–57824.06) | 4.89 (3.64–5.87) | 4.04 (2.87–5.04) | −0.86 (−0.98–0.75) | |
| Male | 28452.2 (21775.27–33706.01) | 61159.65 (44589.53–75189.32) | 6.85 (5.25–8.14) | 7.11 (5.2–8.73) | 0.09 (−0.04–0.22) | |
| Low SDI | Both | 5264.04 (4117.79–6470.27) | 13113.09 (10344.37–15521.27) | 2.47 (1.93–3.02) | 2.8 (2.21–3.3) | 0.44 (0.39–0.49) |
| Female | 2338.87 (1736.23–3084.6) | 6206.81 (4830.83–7385.71) | 2.21 (1.63–2.9) | 2.58 (2.01–3.07) | 0.55 (0.48–0.61) | |
| Male | 2925.17 (2244.06–3850.34) | 6906.28 (5339.58–8350.87) | 2.73 (2.1–3.53) | 3.04 (2.37–3.68) | 0.38 (0.35–0.42) | |
| Low–middle SDI | Both | 13449.7 (10850.92–16002.52) | 40684.34 (31497.84–48680.66) | 2.48 (2.01–2.94) | 3.2 (2.48–3.82) | 0.89 (0.84–0.94) |
| Female | 6447.99 (5085.01–7836.74) | 19306.24 (14853.87–23540.99) | 2.39 (1.9–2.88) | 2.89 (2.24–3.52) | 0.62 (0.56–0.69) | |
| Male | 7001.72 (5563.84–8797.55) | 21378.09 (16386.79–25630.82) | 2.56 (2.04–3.22) | 3.53 (2.72–4.23) | 1.16 (1.09–1.23) | |
| Middle SDI | Both | 31651.65 (25701.02–36920.12) | 98820.99 (75848.49–119915.13) | 3.36 (2.74–3.91) | 4.22 (3.25–5.11) | 0.96 (0.81–1.11) |
| Female | 15219.18 (12170.79–18040.02) | 40621.79 (30883.32–50020.19) | 3.11 (2.5–3.67) | 3.3 (2.52–4.05) | 0.27 (0.16–0.37) | |
| Male | 16432.46 (13332.68–19480.45) | 58199.2 (44331.31–71174.35) | 3.64 (2.95–4.28) | 5.28 (4.02–6.44) | 1.54 (1.36–1.73) | |
| Region | ||||||
| Africa | Both | 7057.68 (5597.92–8465.32) | 17607.01 (13630.99–21016.94) | 2.76 (2.19–3.3) | 3.14 (2.44–3.73) | 0.46 (0.42–0.51) |
| Female | 3308.55 (2582.86–4085.68) | 8296.95 (6369.81–10076.31) | 2.56 (1.98–3.13) | 2.87 (2.21–3.48) | 0.45 (0.4–0.51) | |
| Male | 3749.13 (2967.26–4643.35) | 9310.06 (7088.87–11151.48) | 2.96 (2.34–3.63) | 3.43 (2.63–4.09) | 0.49 (0.45–0.54) | |
| America | Both | 33094.61 (24599.76–40381.23) | 57120.16 (41832.33–70031.24) | 5.51 (4.1–6.72) | 4.44 (3.25–5.43) | −0.81 (−0.87–0.75) |
| Female | 16558.45 (12159.37–20279.28) | 27272.61 (19781.77–33906.3) | 4.79 (3.52–5.87) | 3.78 (2.74–4.69) | −0.87 (−0.92–0.82) | |
| Male | 16536.16 (12468.35–19938.51) | 29847.54 (22140.67–36246.84) | 6.43 (4.85–7.78) | 5.22 (3.87–6.34) | −0.8 (−0.89–0.72) | |
| Asia | Both | 66786.92 (53102.08–77966.39) | 195145.69 (147389.53–237221.87) | 3.69 (2.93–4.31) | 4.34 (3.29–5.28) | 0.69 (0.55–0.83) |
| Female | 31144.97 (24484.32–37202.32) | 81357.75 (61820.49–99481) | 3.31 (2.6–3.95) | 3.39 (2.58–4.15) | 0.12 (0.02–0.22) | |
| Male | 35641.95 (28058.24–42167.98) | 113787.94 (85312.35–139420.85) | 4.15 (3.27–4.87) | 5.43 (4.12–6.66) | 1.14 (0.97–1.32) | |
| Europe | Both | 72433.43 (88178.21–53156.58) | 95298.3 (117189.59–67409.52) | 7.03 (8.56–5.17) | 5.87 (7.2–4.15) | −0.88 (−1.03–0.74) |
| Female | 37391.5 (45831.54–27002.24) | 44218.97 (54941.5–30946.54) | 5.88 (7.18–4.24) | 4.54 (5.64–3.18) | −1.19 (−1.35–1.04) | |
| Male | 35041.93 (42349.64–25992.69) | 51079.33 (62990.88–36812.99) | 8.94 (10.82–6.63) | 7.71 (9.5–5.57) | −0.73 (−0.87–0.6) | |
| Andean Latin America | Both | 564.24 (449.13–676.29) | 1897.82 (1352.58–2444.07) | 2.95 (2.35–3.53) | 3.48(2.48–4.49) | 0.74 (0.6–0.88) |
| Female | 301.53 (237.13–362.13) | 1006.72 (721.1–1301.36) | 3.08 (2.43–3.7) | 3.51 (2.52–4.54) | 0.49 (0.35–0.62) | |
| Male | 262.71 (207.71–319.13) | 891.1 (639.38–1158.97) | 2.8 (2.2–3.4) | 3.43 (2.47–4.46) | 1.04 (0.87–1.2) | |
| Australasia | Both | 1963.87 (1469.98–2384.69) | 2953.68 (2192.44–3624.15) | 8.5 (6.37–10.32) | 5.74 (4.3–7.02) | −1.66 (−1.78–1.54) |
| Female | 932.18 (695.03–1138.53) | 1362.7 (989.48–1696.88) | 7.13 (5.3–8.72) | 4.78 (3.51–5.91) | −1.63 (−1.74–1.53) | |
| Male | 1031.68 (780.38–1245.66) | 1590.98 (1199.44–1940.77) | 10.28 (7.8–12.44) | 6.83 (5.17–8.33) | −1.77 (−1.92–1.62) | |
| Caribbean | Both | 1110.65 (825.56–1321.26) | 2501.5 (1734.12–3168.48) | 4.45 (3.31–5.3) | 4.84 (3.36–6.13) | 0.25 (0.18–0.31) |
| Female | 570.44 (420.32–686.58) | 1257.44 (861.55–1620.59) | 4.38 (3.23–5.27) | 4.47 (3.06–5.78) | 0.01 (−0.05–0.07) | |
| Male | 540.21 (403.17–641.78) | 1244.06 (874.67–1584.35) | 4.51 (3.37–5.36) | 5.24 (3.7–6.66) | 0.49 (0.41–0.58) | |
| Central Asia | Both | 1893.23 (1415.75–2257.29) | 2609.51 (1914.55–3145.16) | 4.07 (3.04–4.86) | 3.91 (2.87–4.72) | 0 (−0.12–0.13) |
| Female | 966.66 (712.59–1165.02) | 1270.05 (920.45–1545.39) | 3.52 (2.6–4.24) | 3.34 (2.41–4.04) | −0.06 (−0.17–0.04) | |
| Male | 926.57 (697.11–1095.76) | 1339.47 (975.47–1624.49) | 4.9 (3.7–5.8) | 4.73 (3.4–5.71) | 0.03 (−0.13–0.19) | |
| Central Europe | Both | 9515.82 (6655.97–11758.29) | 15606.71 (10535.6–19884.82) | 6.65 (4.65–8.23) | 7.15 (4.84–9.09) | 0.27 (0.15–0.38) |
| Female | 4448.42 (3053.54–5556.24) | 6572.32 (4380.02–8479.17) | 5.35 (3.68–6.69) | 5.08 (3.35–6.58) | −0.24 (−0.35–−0.13) | |
| Male | 5067.4 (3614.83–6250.35) | 9034.4 (6186.29–11468.54) | 8.5 (6.04–10.45) | 10.03 (6.86–12.67) | 0.67 (0.54–0.81) | |
| Central Latin America | Both | 1895.34 (1455.16–2277.69) | 7018.48 (4940.31–8988.84) | 2.44 (1.88–2.94) | 3.04 (2.14–3.89) | 0.73 (0.69–0.78) |
| Female | 998.35 (757.79–1213.54) | 3394.03 (2377.59–4411.01) | 2.5 (1.9–3.05) | 2.71 (1.9–3.52) | 0.26 (0.2–0.32) | |
| Male | 897 (696.44–1063.87) | 3624.45 (2556.47–4628.27) | 2.37 (1.85–2.81) | 3.42 (2.41–4.35) | 1.23 (1.18–1.29) | |
| Central Sub–Saharan Africa | Both | 590.72 (446.83–758.46) | 1402.16 (1017.61–1854.24) | 2.98 (2.24–3.83) | 2.97 (2.14–4.03) | −0.1 (−0.32–0.13) |
| Female | 260.33 (187.57–348.34) | 663.51 (471.92–926.22) | 2.5 (1.85–3.28) | 2.54 (1.78–3.62) | 0 (−0.19–0.19) | |
| Male | 330.39 (243.36–451.32) | 738.65 (516.69–1117.78) | 3.51 (2.52–4.95) | 3.57 (2.49–5.63) | −0.06 (−0.3–0.17) | |
| East Asia | Both | 31018.09 (24136.55–36894.33) | 95245.6 (69351.49–119482) | 3.86 (3.03–4.6) | 4.85 (3.55–6.08) | 1.15 (0.88–1.42) |
| Female | 14332.81 (10968.01–17683.65) | 34563.28 (24432.75–45048.48) | 3.4 (2.59–4.18) | 3.31 (2.34–4.3) | −0.08 (−0.14–0.29) | |
| Male | 16685.28 (12751.75–20675.21) | 60682.32 (43189.63–79278.65) | 4.54 (3.52–5.55) | 6.85 (4.93–8.9) | 1.94 (1.64–2.24) | |
| Eastern Europe | Both | 17925.21 (13334.61–21587.66) | 19858.25 (13870.79–25211.21) | 6.47 (4.83–7.8) | 5.72 (4–7.27) | −1.02 (−1.29–0.76) |
| Female | 10177.61 (7492.29–12362.98) | 10291.51 (7009.14–13367.37) | 5.59 (4.13–6.79) | 4.61 (3.12–6) | −1.26 (−1.5–1.02) | |
| Male | 7747.6 (5807.9–9311.99) | 9566.73 (6670.42–12252.84) | 8.42 (6.33–10.12) | 7.71 (5.4–9.84) | −0.93 (−1.22–0.63) | |
| Eastern Sub–Saharan Africa | Both | 1877.58 (1469.8–2329.76) | 4653.33 (3528.04–5752.95) | 2.71 (2.13–3.34) | 3.13 (2.4–3.85) | 0.5 (0.44–0.56) |
| Female | 843.25 (609.76–1121.49) | 2176.25 (1651.36–2723.77) | 2.39 (1.75–3.14) | 2.77 (2.11–3.42) | 0.54 (0.46–0.61) | |
| Male | 1034.32 (778.49–1410.05) | 2477.08 (1840.74–3220.05) | 3.06 (2.33–4.01) | 3.55 (2.69–4.58) | 0.52 (0.47–0.57) | |
| High–income Asia Pacific | Both | 10886.35(7944.54–13313.66) | 25261.76 (18175.96–31455.85) | 5.68 (4.16–6.92) | 5.04 (3.64–6.2) | −0.42 (−0.52–0.33) |
| Female | 4984.87 (3625.16–6146.25) | 12023.19 (8176.39–15222.21) | 4.5 (3.28–5.54) | 3.86 (2.74–4.82) | −0.56 (−0.62–0.49) | |
| Male | 5901.48 (4339.9–7200.45) | 13238.57 (9605.88–16100.75) | 7.38 (5.41–8.96) | 6.46 (4.7–7.87) | −0.48 (−0.6–0.36) | |
| High–income North America | Both | 23253.37 (16965.09–28708.35) | 30355.13 (21656.69–37839.02) | 6.48 (4.73–7.98) | 4.75 (3.43–5.9) | −1.22 (−1.32–1.12) |
| Female | 11604.68 (8455.78–14454.54) | 14217.63 (10080.74–17920.27) | 5.38 (3.88–6.68) | 3.91 (2.78–4.9) | −1.21 (−1.29–1.14) | |
| Male | 11648.69 (8549.76–14262.86) | 16137.5 (11850.98–19927.56) | 8.02 (5.89–9.84) | 5.73 (4.21–7.07) | −1.35 (−1.48–1.21) | |
| North Africa and Middle East | Both | 4572.21 (3321.56–5752.11) | 13092.2 (9312.48–16064.5) | 2.89 (2.11–3.63) | 3.3 (2.37–4.05) | 0.6 (0.42–0.78) |
| Female | 2152.74 (1571.19–2760.68) | 5839.8 (4120.29–7268.11) | 2.74 (1.99–3.49) | 3.01 (2.13–3.74) | 0.46 (0.28–0.64) | |
| Male | 2419.47 (1780.01–3158.08) | 7252.39 (5189.19–8935.34) | 3.04 (2.24–3.93) | 3.59 (2.55–4.41) | 0.72 (0.54–0.91) | |
| Oceania | Both | 78.96 (58.06–99.49) | 210.95 (155.18–275.36) | 3.01 (2.22–3.78) | 3.39 (2.55–4.34) | 0.4 (0.33–0.47) |
| Female | 35.42 (24.72–45.7) | 93.98 (67.95–124.26) | 2.79 (1.96–3.61) | 3.12 (2.3–4.07) | 0.37 (0.3–0.45) | |
| Male | 43.54 (31.54–57.77) | 116.97 (86.44–152.95) | 3.24 (2.35–4.26) | 3.69 (2.77–4.79) | 0.42 (0.36–0.49) | |
| South Asia | Both | 9650.42 (7685.01–11679.28) | 31191.38 (23747.6–38373.25) | 1.96 (1.56–2.36) | 2.44 (1.87–3) | 0.64 (0.52–0.76) |
| Female | 4436.53 (3358.92–5620.88) | 15450.4 (11326.59–19639.2) | 1.86 (1.4–2.36) | 2.36 (1.74–2.98) | 0.65 (0.51–0.8) | |
| Male | 5213.9 (4054.17–6642.62) | 15740.98 (11619.01–19871.6) | 2.05 (1.6–2.57) | 2.53 (1.88–3.18) | 0.66 (0.54–0.77) | |
| Southeast Asia | Both | 9939.21 (8112.04–11648.9) | 32376.27 (24768.93–40353.41) | 4.16 (3.41–4.86) | 5.7 (4.37–7.08) | 1 (0.94–1.06) |
| Female | 4842.1 (3876.51–5836.05) | 14237.49 (10375.15–18142.7) | 3.8 (3.05–4.54) | 4.63 (3.41–5.85) | 0.59 (0.52–0.67) | |
| Male | 5097.12 (4156.31–6108.26) | 18138.78 (14052.84–22556.32) | 4.59 (3.76–5.5) | 6.99 (5.36–8.65) | 1.38 (1.32–1.44) | |
| Southern Latin America | Both | 3568.63 (2756.86–4195.37) | 6818.04 (5126.41–8143.82) | 8.07 (6.23–9.47) | 8.07 (6.06–9.62) | 0.03 (−0.04–0.11) |
| Female | 1685.54 (1280.62–1990.43) | 3226.9 (2354.38–3897.67) | 6.72 (5.12–7.96) | 6.54 (4.8–7.9) | −0.09 (−0.17–−0.01) | |
| Male | 1883.09 (1471.05–2207.64) | 3591.13 (2738.95–4268.26) | 9.8 (7.62–11.49) | 10.06 (7.7–11.99) | 0.16 (0.08–0.23) | |
| Southern Sub–Saharan Africa | Both | 944.18 (734.47–1195.95) | 2193.23 (1719.33–2668.29) | 3.75 (2.89–4.8) | 4.26 (3.35–5.17) | 0.45 (0.22–0.67) |
| Female | 480.66 (370.4–617.37) | 1083.67 (835.48–1345.15) | 3.34 (2.54–4.35) | 3.58 (2.76–4.42) | 0.35 (0.2–0.5) | |
| Male | 463.52 (356.34–609.34) | 1109.56 (865.85–1344.46) | 4.25 (3.26–5.66) | 5.27 (4.14–6.35) | 0.66 (0.35–0.98) | |
| Tropical Latin America | Both | 2908.3 (2215.58–3504.74) | 8983.97 (6692.65–11033.7) | 3.49 (2.67–4.21) | 3.78 (2.81–4.64) | 0.31 (0.15–0.47) |
| Female | 1493.87 (1122.91–1806.85) | 4379.91 (3161.21–5467.68) | 3.36 (2.52–4.07) | 3.3 (2.38–4.12) | −0.04 (−0.21–0.13) | |
| Male | 1414.43 (1092.19–1690.93) | 4604.06 (3412.15–5624.17) | 3.64 (2.83–4.36) | 4.38 (3.25–5.35) | 0.71 (0.56–0.87) | |
| Western Europe | Both | 43390.97 (31730.84–52970.92) | 56340.66 (40795.02–69276.86) | 7.38 (5.41–9) | 5.67 (4.09–6.95) | −1.11 (−1.26–0.96) |
| Female | 22020.89 (15888.11–27183.95) | 25824.56 (18109.06–32340.04) | 6.1 (4.42–7.51) | 4.39 (3.13–5.45) | −1.37 (−1.54–1.2) | |
| Male | 21370.09 (15872.37–25925.75) | 30516.1 (22348.23–37299.29) | 9.32 (6.94–11.29) | 7.29 (5.34–8.9) | −1.02 (−1.16–0.89) | |
| Western Sub–Saharan Africa | Both | 2091.83 (1606.17–2643.13) | 5181.18 (4002.21–6336.71) | 2.69 (2.08–3.38) | 3.2 (2.49–3.88) | 0.77 (0.68–0.87) |
| Female | 959.73 (712.33–1284.74) | 2476.29 (1865.1–3144.12) | 2.47 (1.84–3.27) | 2.97 (2.28–3.7) | 0.83 (0.72–0.95) | |
| Male | 1132.1 (846.76–1497.42) | 2704.88 (2039.12–3428.87) | 2.89 (2.19–3.76) | 3.44 (2.62–4.32) | 0.75 (0.67–0.84) | |
ASDR, age–standardized death rate; EAPC, estimated annual percentage change; UI, uncertainty interval.