Table 3.
DALYs, ASRs, and change trends of colorectal cancer attributable to dietary risks by SDI, regions, and sex.
| Location | Sex | DALYs (No. × 1000, 95% UI) | Age-standardized DALY rate (95% UI) | EAPC (95% CI) | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1990 | 2019 | 1990 | 2019 | 1990–2019 | ||
| Global | Both | 4300.02 (3337–5083.52) | 8210.62 (6142.38–9952.59) | 107.18 (83.19–126.83) | 99.79 (74.65–121.14) | −0.28 (−0.35–0.22) |
| Female | 2015.83 (1543.99–2396.6) | 3397 (2529.89–4119.78) | 94.3 (72.01–112.15) | 78.21 (58.27–94.84) | −0.76 (−0.82–0.71) | |
| Male | 2284.18 (1766.05–2689.63) | 4813.62 (3570.52–5803.1) | 122.68 (94.83–144.95) | 123.94 (91.94–149.22) | 0.06 (−0.02–0.14) | |
| Sociodemographic Index | ||||||
| High SDI | Both | 1510.19 (1109.33–1853.36) | 1993.88 (1452.5–2433.47) | 147.35 (108.3–180.75) | 112.54 (82.48–136.67) | −1.04 (−1.09–1) |
| Female | 693.58 (507.27–855.42) | 838.99 (610.16–1029.99) | 119.27 (87.22–146.74) | 87.34 (63.87–106.59) | −1.19 (−1.25–1.14) | |
| Male | 816.61 (604.37–989.71) | 1154.9 (845.41–1403.71) | 183.8 (136.26–222.79) | 140.72 (103.32–170.88) | −1.03 (−1.07–0.99) | |
| High–middle SDI | Both | 1388.37 (1047.13–1646.78) | 2371.04 (1719.22–2905.27) | 127.88 (96.36–151.85) | 117.55 (85.31–143.99) | −0.44 (−0.55–0.33) |
| Female | 665.93 (500.05–797.97) | 954.08 (678.38–1182.94) | 110.75 (83.11–132.6) | 87.25 (62.38–108.16) | −1.07 (−1.18–0.95) | |
| Male | 722.45 (549.12–855.24) | 1416.96 (1022.2–1747.8) | 151.1 (114.59–178.77) | 153.66 (110.9–189.22) | −0.01 (−0.14–0.12) | |
| Low SDI | Both | 145.87 (114.56–180.29) | 349.92 (273.14–415.11) | 57.24 (44.86–70.5) | 62.75 (49.32–74.54) | 0.3 (0.26–0.35) |
| Female | 66.24 (49.05–88.18) | 165.46 (128.74–197.28) | 51.96 (38.51–68.61) | 58.01 (45.22–68.98) | 0.37 (0.3–0.43) | |
| Male | 79.63 (60.82–105.86) | 184.46 (142.06–223.66) | 62.28 (47.63–82.1) | 67.71 (52.37–81.99) | 0.28 (0.25–0.31) | |
| Low–middle SDI | Both | 373.4 (300.94–445.74) | 1023.64 (783.53–1227.13) | 57.84 (46.62–68.98) | 72.18 (55.33–86.37) | 0.77 (0.73–0.82) |
| Female | 179.3 (141.11–220.27) | 475.67 (363.22–582.54) | 56.03 (44.29–68.51) | 64.94 (49.91–79.37) | 0.45 (0.38–0.52) | |
| Male | 194.11 (155.81–244.32) | 547.97 (417.35–661.11) | 59.62 (47.38–74.55) | 80.01 (61.08–96.16) | 1.09 (1.01–1.16) | |
| Middle SDI | Both | 879.98 (714.9–1027.6) | 2467.6 (1902.01–3001.62) | 78.82 (64.06–91.75) | 96.3 (74.09–116.96) | 0.88 (0.74–1.02) |
| Female | 409.73 (326.53–483.31) | 960.78 (736.77–1185.61) | 72.71 (58.19–85.74) | 72.82 (55.79–89.62) | 0.06 (−0.02–0.14) | |
| Male | 470.25 (380.43–559.15) | 1506.82 (1152.36–1838.08) | 85.32 (69.17–101.1) | 121.61 (93.07–148.49) | 1.52 (1.32–1.71) | |
| Region | ||||||
| Africa | Both | 188.5 (149.57–227.64) | 461.56 (351.92–556.8) | 62.1 (49.23–74.63) | 68.64 (53.06–82.09) | 0.36 (0.32–0.41) |
| Female | 86.76 (67.76–108.61) | 212.53 (159.88–261.18) | 56.68 (44.25–70.47) | 61.48 (46.91–74.94) | 0.34 (0.28–0.41) | |
| Male | 101.74 (80.05–127.17) | 249.03 (187.29–301.34) | 67.49 (53.43–83.71) | 76.25 (57.82–91.72) | 0.4 (0.36–0.44) | |
| America | Both | 723.73 (543.48–878.44) | 1241.73 (913.82–1510.25) | 118.39 (88.96–143.81) | 99.28 (73.05–120.71) | −0.64 (−0.69–0.58) |
| Female | 341.58 (252.74–418.03) | 557.56 (404.27–683.88) | 101.51 (75.28–124.16) | 82.83 (60.1–101.41) | −0.72 (−0.76–0.67) | |
| Male | 382.15 (287.81–460.02) | 684.16 (509.18–829.26) | 138.8 (104.63–167.4) | 118.03 (87.83–143) | −0.61 (−0.68–0.53) | |
| Asia | Both | 1807.62 (1438.03–2116.73) | 4661.07 (3513.52–5655.77) | 84.2 (67.01–98.4) | 95.8 (72.21–116.44) | 0.58 (0.45–0.71) |
| Female | 821.87 (647.66–978.66) | 1832.46 (1401.52–2247.23) | 75.79 (59.65–90.5) | 73.23 (55.94–89.73) | −0.12 (−0.2–0.05) | |
| Male | 985.75 (775.79–1171.5) | 2828.6 (2129.59–3457.95) | 93.42 (73.41–110.84) | 120.11 (90.04–146.93) | 1.11 (0.93–1.28) | |
| Europe | Both | 1574.14 (1158.52–1906.23) | 1834.29 (1298.71–2249.41) | 153.82 (113.23–186.2) | 124.47 (88.72–152.48) | −1.04 (−1.17–0.9) |
| Female | 762.94 (562.83–930.53) | 789.36 (551.35–978.4) | 127.83 (94.48–155.95) | 95.09 (67.1–117.65) | −1.36 (−1.49–1.23) | |
| Male | 811.2 (605.03–976.2) | 1044.94 (760.88–1284.06) | 191.89 (143.01–230.89) | 161.46 (117.94–198.16) | −0.87 (−1.01–0.74) | |
| Andean Latin America | Both | 13.7 (10.77–16.47) | 41.66 (29.44–54.4) | 63.95 (50.53–76.83) | 73.43 (51.99–95.52) | 0.62 (0.48–0.76) |
| Female | 7.08 (5.49–8.58) | 21.1 (14.85–27.38) | 64.8 (50.63–78.51) | 71.82 (50.57–92.93) | 0.37 (0.23–0.51) | |
| Male | 6.62 (5.21–8.03) | 20.56 (14.6–27.28) | 62.96 (49.44–76.8) | 74.99 (53.33–99.82) | 0.89 (0.73–1.05) | |
| Australasia | Both | 44.17 (33.13–53.29) | 58.12 (43.58–70.89) | 191.45 (143.87–231.16) | 124.26 (93.49–151.64) | −1.8 (−1.93–1.67) |
| Female | 19.88 (14.81–24.17) | 25.31 (18.83–30.96) | 160.66 (120.29–195.65) | 102.27 (76.57–124.6) | −1.81 (−1.91–1.7) | |
| Male | 24.29 (18.3–29.13) | 32.81 (24.76–39.85) | 228.04 (171.91–274.17) | 148.31 (112.13–179.96) | −1.84 (−1.99–1.69) | |
| Caribbean | Both | 25.31 (18.75–30.25) | 53.73 (37.36–68.8) | 95.88 (70.97–114.52) | 104.08 (72.44–133.26) | 0.26 (0.18–0.33) |
| Female | 12.69 (9.28–15.34) | 25.67 (17.56–33.32) | 93.07 (68.08–112.42) | 93.88 (64.29–121.86) | −0.02 (−0.08–0.04) | |
| Male | 12.62 (9.43–14.97) | 28.06 (19.66–35.96) | 98.75 (73.67–117.13) | 115.18 (80.89–147.56) | 0.53 (0.43–0.62) | |
| Central Asia | Both | 54 (40.57–64.28) | 69.67 (51.26–84.44) | 107.98 (80.98–128.78) | 89.35 (65.49–108.11) | −0.68 (−0.8–0.55) |
| Female | 25.85 (19.16–31.07) | 32.05 (23.04–39.14) | 92.04 (68.25–110.64) | 74.8 (53.94–90.95) | −0.77 (−0.87–0.68) | |
| Male | 28.15 (21.22–33.3) | 37.62 (27.59–45.69) | 129.59 (97.59–153.46) | 108.24 (78.42–131.09) | −0.61 (−0.78–0.44) | |
| Central Europe | Both | 221.25 (155.24–273.77) | 320.19 (217.45–405.66) | 150.2 (105.71–185.55) | 156.18 (107.13–197.77) | 0.15 (0.05–0.26) |
| Female | 97.96 (68.04–122.22) | 125.07 (84.33–161.98) | 119.08 (82.83–148.49) | 109.27 (74.04–141.75) | −0.33 (−0.42–0.25) | |
| Male | 123.29 (88.26–152.66) | 195.12 (133.37–249.52) | 190.77 (136.42–235.75) | 215.28 (146.9–274.8) | 0.48 (0.35–0.61) | |
| Central Latin America | Both | 47.63 (36.39–57.08) | 166.02 (116.31–213.99) | 53.37 (40.88–64.02) | 68.95 (48.41–88.73) | 0.88 (0.83–0.93) |
| Female | 24.22 (18.3–29.32) | 76.57 (53.41–99.78) | 53.04 (39.97–64.43) | 59.47 (41.53–77.48) | 0.41 (0.35–0.48) | |
| Male | 23.41 (18.09–27.77) | 89.46 (63.16–115.17) | 53.66 (41.58–63.55) | 79.72 (56.41–102.34) | 1.34 (1.28–1.4) | |
| Central Sub–Saharan Africa | Both | 16.69 (12.48–21.57) | 39.32 (28.16–52.12) | 67.95 (51.59–87.36) | 67.05 (48.71–89.1) | −0.13 (−0.34–0.09) |
| Female | 7.42 (5.23–10.14) | 17.98 (12.82–24.81) | 56.83 (41.22–76.12) | 57.18 (40.85–79.37) | −0.02 (−0.19–0.16) | |
| Male | 9.27 (6.81–12.83) | 21.34 (14.58–32.03) | 80.51 (59.53–111.03) | 79.55 (55.42–121.94) | −0.17 (−0.4–0.07) | |
| East Asia | Both | 873.36 (678.24–1041.45) | 2346.39 (1700.99–2967.47) | 92.25 (71.83–109.96) | 112.83 (82.05–142.19) | 1.08 (0.82–1.34) |
| Female | 391.37 (298.29–486.06) | 801.34 (562.65–1043) | 82.18 (62.79–102.03) | 74.88 (52.67–97.45) | −0.19 (−0.36–0.02) | |
| Male | 481.98 (366.84–598.24) | 1545.05 (1098.63–2028.69) | 104.23 (79.74–129.38) | 154.74 (110.51–201.96) | 1.92 (1.6–2.24) | |
| Eastern Europe | Both | 443 (327.45–534.45) | 441.29 (309.5–560.46) | 157.39 (116.55–189.97) | 131.46 (92.13–166.79) | −1.3 (−1.6–1) |
| Female | 238.3 (174.62–289.34) | 213.48 (143.59–277.78) | 136.73 (100.59–166.19) | 105.06 (70.35–136.65) | −1.59 (−1.86–1.31) | |
| Male | 204.7 (153.37–245.81) | 227.8 (158.46–293.4) | 196.73 (147.81–237.01) | 172.95 (120.15–220.57) | −1.12 (−1.44–0.8) | |
| Eastern Sub–Saharan Africa | Both | 52.92 (41.08–66.17) | 128.27 (96.42–159.97) | 64.24 (50.33–79.83) | 70.96 (53.6–87.96) | 0.33 (0.26–0.4) |
| Female | 24.34 (17.4–32.86) | 59.33 (44.27–75.18) | 57.26 (41.22–76.19) | 62.77 (47.22–78.73) | 0.3 (0.21–0.39) | |
| Male | 28.58 (21.49–39.61) | 68.94 (50.7–89.98) | 71.28 (53.58–97.37) | 80.01 (59.15–104.08) | 0.39 (0.34–0.45) | |
| High–income Asia Pacific | Both | 255.21 (185.36–314.74) | 438.82 (320.95–537.6) | 125.9 (91.41–155.07) | 107.52 (79.04–131.26) | −0.59 (−0.7–0.47) |
| Female | 109.74 (79.25–136.56) | 182.52 (131.21–226.96) | 98.27 (71.02–122.32) | 79.78 (58.36–98.12) | −0.78 (−0.87–0.7) | |
| Male | 145.47 (106.53–178.12) | 256.3 (187.81–312.13) | 161.59 (118.17–197.6) | 138.47 (101.99–168.63) | −0.57 (−0.7–0.43) | |
| High–income North America | Both | 488.08 (357.16–598.6) | 634.9 (456.84–783.79) | 142.64 (104.97–174.69) | 108.82 (78.24–133.86) | −1.03 (−1.13–0.93) |
| Female | 227.12 (164–280.55) | 275.49 (197.5–344.57) | 117.03 (85.56–143.91) | 88 (62.68–109.2) | −1.06 (−1.14–0.98) | |
| Male | 260.97 (191.73–318.76) | 359.41 (261.95–442.15) | 175.41 (128.59–214.29) | 132.13 (96.4–162.06) | −1.1 (−1.23–0.98) | |
| North Africa and Middle East | Both | 124.72 (91.55–157.94) | 334.99 (235.71–413.49) | 67.26 (49.09–84.95) | 72.57 (51.33–89.26) | 0.35 (0.17–0.53) |
| Female | 58.09 (41.87–75.39) | 146.56 (102.18–182.58) | 63.59 (46.04–81.94) | 65.16 (45.86–80.95) | 0.16 (0.01–0.32) | |
| Male | 66.64 (48.53–87.69) | 188.42 (132.1–233.31) | 70.77 (51.69–92.56) | 79.71 (56.79–98.44) | 0.5 (0.31–0.7) | |
| Oceania | Both | 2.32 (1.68–2.95) | 6.13 (4.49–8.14) | 69.86 (51.48–88) | 77.68 (57.07–101.22) | 0.35 (0.3–0.41) |
| Female | 1.02 (0.71–1.31) | 2.66 (1.88–3.59) | 64 (44.68–82.59) | 70.41 (50.81–93.45) | 0.33 (0.26–0.4) | |
| Male | 1.3 (0.93–1.74) | 3.47 (2.53–4.61) | 75.52 (54.86–99.85) | 84.7 (62.59–110.71) | 0.38 (0.32–0.43) | |
| South Asia | Both | 266.57 (210.7–322.12) | 766.17 (572.31–947.95) | 44.1 (35.07–53.26) | 53.08 (40.06–65.54) | 0.54 (0.44–0.65) |
| Female | 125.57 (94.36–159.35) | 377.88 (272.91–482.79) | 42.89 (32.33–54.36) | 51.62 (37.34–65.73) | 0.5 (0.36–0.65) | |
| Male | 141.01 (109.36–180.46) | 388.28 (283.57–487.76) | 45.25 (35.25–57.57) | 54.63 (40.05–68.51) | 0.59 (0.49–0.69) | |
| Southeast Asia | Both | 277.37 (226.11–327.3) | 837.95 (643.88–1045.17) | 98.89 (80.66–115.91) | 130.74 (100.31–162.77) | 0.87 (0.8–0.94) |
| Female | 132.13 (103.47–161.49) | 349.11 (255.34–448.3) | 89.67 (70.88–108.73) | 103.55 (75.31–132.57) | 0.4 (0.32–0.48) | |
| Male | 145.24 (118.77–174.72) | 488.85 (377.81–607.63) | 109.32 (89.05–131.1) | 161.8 (125.53–200.71) | 1.27 (1.21–1.33) | |
| Southern Latin America | Both | 78.61 (60.88–92.39) | 139.37 (104.3–166.42) | 170.1 (131.68–200) | 170.06 (127.4–202.99) | 0.06 (0.01–0.12) |
| Female | 35.1 (26.78–41.73) | 61.44 (45.12–74.44) | 138.23 (105.45–164.12) | 135.11 (99.7–163.53) | −0.02 (−0.08–0.04) | |
| Male | 43.51 (34.07–50.93) | 77.93 (59.1–93.1) | 209.02 (163.33–244.67) | 212.62 (161.73–254.05) | 0.12 (0.06–0.19) | |
| Southern Sub–Saharan Africa | Both | 23.87 (18.87–29.31) | 54.64 (42.58–66.72) | 81.73 (63.95–102.59) | 92.62 (72.61–113.46) | 0.51 (0.28–0.74) |
| Female | 11.24 (8.91–13.86) | 24.95 (19.07–31.35) | 69.66 (54.64–87.27) | 75.09 (57.41–94.56) | 0.53 (0.38–0.69) | |
| Male | 12.63 (9.82–16.19) | 29.69 (22.93–36.28) | 96.34 (74.3–125.56) | 116.13 (90.29–141.17) | 0.58 (0.24–0.91) | |
| Tropical Latin America | Both | 75.02 (56.88–90.54) | 215.15 (158.74–264.19) | 77.47 (58.91–93.63) | 87.22 (64.43–106.99) | 0.45 (0.26–0.64) |
| Female | 37.42 (28.08–45.49) | 101.2 (73.41–125.42) | 73.49 (55.05–89.15) | 75.84 (55.08–94.02) | 0.15 (−0.04–0.34) | |
| Male | 37.59 (29.02–44.84) | 113.95 (84.75–139.21) | 81.83 (63.12–97.61) | 100.79 (74.92–123.48) | 0.77 (0.58–0.96) | |
| Western Europe | Both | 863.71 (636.17–1051.3) | 987.94 (717.78–1211.32) | 154.04 (113.72–187.21) | 115.62 (85.26–141.28) | −1.19 (−1.31–1.07) |
| Female | 406.27 (297.3–497.84) | 416.42 (295.08–513.64) | 125.72 (92.73–153.54) | 88.51 (63.28–108.28) | −1.43 (−1.54–1.31) | |
| Male | 457.44 (340.94–554.48) | 571.52 (422.65–697.33) | 192.16 (143.24–232.73) | 147.05 (108.72–179.45) | −1.11 (−1.24–0.99) | |
| Western Sub–Saharan Africa | Both | 52.52 (39.99–66.88) | 129.92 (99.06–161.19) | 57.94 (44.31–73.44) | 66.23 (51.23–81.5) | 0.6 (0.51–0.69) |
| Female | 23.03 (17.08–31.21) | 60.87 (44.86–79.64) | 52.19 (38.67–70.26) | 59.96 (45.01–76.94) | 0.65 (0.53–0.77) | |
| Male | 29.49 (21.84–39.18) | 69.05 (51.8–88.15) | 63.27 (47.35–83.37) | 73.04 (54.79–92.42) | 0.62 (0.54–0.7) | |
DALYs, disability–adjusted life years; EAPC, estimated annual percentage change; SDI, socio–demographic index; UI, uncertainty interval.