Table 6.
Coordinates for differences in functional activation for racial in-group vs out-group by social cognitive process
| Region | Brodmann | x | y | z | k | Max | Mean |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Empathy | |||||||
| Racial in-group > out-group | |||||||
| RH dorsomedial PFC (cluster) | 9 | 7 | 30 | 34 | 362 | 0.40 | 0.20 |
| RH dorsomedial PFC | 9 | 7 | 30 | 34 | a | 0.40 | 0.20 |
| RH dorsomedial PFC | 8 | 15 | 34 | 42 | a | 0.22 | 0.18 |
| RH anterior insula (cluster) | 13 | 43 | 20 | 8 | 260 | 0.25 | 0.21 |
| RH anterior insula | 13 | 43 | 20 | 8 | b | 0.25 | 0.21 |
| RH precentral gyrus | 44 | 51 | 19 | 8 | b | 0.18 | 0.18 |
| LH claustrum (cluster) | −23 | 20 | 6 | 260 | 0.35 | 0.31 | |
| Racial out-group > in-group | |||||||
| LH middle frontal gyrus (cluster) | 6 | −27 | 7 | 50 | 260 | 0.52 | 0.52 |
| Emotion perception | |||||||
| Racial in-group > out-group | |||||||
| RH amygdala (cluster) | 20 | 37 | −8 | −19 | 269 | 0.34 | 0.30 |
| RH fusiform (cluster) | 37 | 50 | −42 | −8 | 239 | 0.23 | 0.23 |
| Racial out-group > in-group | |||||||
| RH anterior insula (cluster) | 13 | 39 | 20 | 5 | 206 | 0.46 | 0.33 |
| RH anterior insula | 13 | 39 | 20 | 5 | c | 0.46 | 0.33 |
| RH inferior frontal gyrus | 13 | 40 | 26 | 12 | c | 0.33 | 0.33 |
Notes. Brodmann = Brodmann area; x, y, z = coordinates in MNI space; k = cluster size in mm3; max = maximum value within a cluster; mean = average value within cluster; LH = left hemisphere; RH = right hemisphere. All analyses were k-threshold corrected at P < 0.001.
a
Associated subclusters of RH dorsomedial PFC.
b
Associated subclusters of RH anterior insula.
c
Associated subclusters of RH anterior insula.