Table 1. Univariate analysis and multivariate logistic regression analysis of distant metastasis in patients with esophageal cancer.

Variable	Cases (n=2,181)	Univariate analysis					Multivariate Logistic regression analysis
		Distant metastasis (n=350)	No distant metastasis (n=1,831)	χ2	P		Hazard ratio (95% CI)	χ2	P
Gender				6.759	0.009			6.252	0.012
Male	1,746	298	1,448				1
Female	435	52	383				0.654 (0.469–0.912)
Age (years)				0.727	0.394
≤72	1,688	277	1,411
>72	493	73	420
Race				6.553	0.083
White	1,819	276	1,543
Black	174	36	138
Asian	165	33	132
Others	23	5	18
Grade				13.598	0.004			10.203	0.017
I	102	7	95				1
II	943	137	806				1.785 (0.505–6.312)
III	1,100	201	899				2.318 (1.028–5.223)
IV	36	5	31				2.978 (1.329–6.674)
T stage				143.239	0.000			125.515	0.000
T1	330	97	233				1
T2	318	32	286				1.176 (1.071–1.417)
T3	1,278	134	1,144				1.245 (1.166–1.312)
T4	255	87	168				1.405 (1.250–1.764)
N stage				46.460	0.000			37.598	0.000
N0	619	63	556				1
N1	1,109	209	900				1.680 (1.090–2.589)
N2	353	45	308				2.282 (1.662–3.135)
N3	100	33	67				4.158 (2.435–7.101)
Primary site				11.318	0.072
Cervical esophagus	35	1	34
Upper third of esophagus	125	15	110
Middle third of esophagus	372	61	311
Lower third of esophagus	1,469	242	1,227
Abdominal esophagus	14	0	14
Overlapping lesion of esophagus	89	14	75
Thoracic esophagus	77	17	60
Pathological type				0.765	0.682
Squamous cell carcinoma	724	111	613
Adenocarcinoma	1,244	207	1,037
Others	213	32	181
Tumor size (mm)				27.791	0.000			9.877	0.002
≤63	1,529	204	1,325				1
>63	652	146	506				1.507 (1.167–1.946)
Constant							0.096	29.469	0.000