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. 2021 Aug;9(16):1319. doi: 10.21037/atm-21-3294

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2021 Annals of Translational Medicine. All rights reserved.

Open Access Statement: This is an Open Access article distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0), which permits the non-commercial replication and distribution of the article with the strict proviso that no changes or edits are made and the original work is properly cited (including links to both the formal publication through the relevant DOI and the license). See: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0.

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Histopathological changes in the kidney tissues of mice treated with VCM and/or VC. (A) HE-stained mouse kidney sections from the control group (top left), VC group (top right), VCM group (bottom left), and VCM + VC group (bottom right), 40× magnification. (B) The kidney tubular injury score in each group. Tubular injury was scored by calculating the percentage of tubules that displayed tubular epithelial cell degeneration (necrosis, vacuolization, and brush border loss), tubular alterations (dilatation, atrophy, and casts), and interstitial inflammatory cell infiltration as 0, none; 1, injury percentage ≤25%; 2, injury percentage 26–50%; 3, injury percentage 51–75%; 4, injury percentage ≥76%. The results are presented as group means ± SD (n=7 mice/group). ^#, P<0.05 compared to the VCM group. VCM, vancomycin; VC, vitamin C; HE, hematoxylin and eosin; SD, standard deviation.