Table 2. Positive rates of alveolar echinococcosis among genders, occupations, education levels, and modes of production, and types of residence in China, 2012−2016.

	Surveyed population	No. of cases	Proportion %	Positive rate % (95% CI)
Gender
Male	94,687	524	42.16	0.55(0.51–0.60)
Female	106,636	719	57.84	0.67(0.63–0.72)
Occupations
Herdsmen	56,176	762	62.15	1.36(1.26–1.45)
Farmers/herdsmen	14,679	53	4.32	0.36(0.26–0.46)
Monks	1,385	29	2.37	2.09(1.34–2.58)
Students	17,600	240	19.58	1.36(1.19–1.53)
House workers	1,819	10	0.82	0.55(0.21–0.89)
Public officers	6,195	26	2.12	0.42(0.26–0.58)
Farmers	93,995	95	7.75	0.10(0.08–0.12)
Others	9,477	11	0.90	0.12(0.05–0.18)
Educational level
Illiterate	69,485	626	51.06	0.90(0.83–0.97)
Elementary school	81,276	532	43.39	0.65(0.60–0.71)
Junior high school	32,007	37	3.02	0.12(0.08–0.15)
High school	7,098	9	0.73	0.13(0.04–0.21)
College and above	5,215	20	1.63	0.38(0.22–0.55)
Local residents’ modes of production
Pastoral area	62,871	961	78.38	1.53(1.43–1.62)
Pastoral and farm area	53,966	120	9.79	0.22(0.18–0.26)
Farm area	64,138	61	4.98	0.10(0.07–0.12)
Urban area	20,343	84	6.85	0.41(0.32–0.50)
Types of residence
Settled	159,599	575	46.90	0.36(0.33–0.39)
Settled in summer and nomadic in winter	41,581	649	52.94	1.56(1.44–1.68)
Others	13,416	174	14.19	1.30(1.11–1.49)