Table 2.

Odds Ratio and 95 % confidence intervals of the association of elevated aminotransferase levels and fatty liver index (FLI) with low eGFR (eGFR calculated from CKD-EPI cystatin C equation) and increased urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio (UACR)

Regression models	Low eGFR		increased UACR
	OR and 95 %CI	P-value	OR and 95 %CI	P-value
Elevated aminotransferase levels
Unadjusted model	0.55 (0.34, 0.88)	0.014	1.27 (1.07, 1.51)	0.007
Model 1	0.73 (0.45, 1.19)	0.208	1.31 (1.10, 1.56)	0.003
Model 2	0.77 (0.47, 1.25)	0.287	1.11 (0.92, 1.33)	0.272
Model 3	0.73 (0.45, 1.18)	0.201	1.13 (0.94, 1.35)	0.189
Elevated FLI
Unadjusted model	1.08 (0.80, 1.46)	0.607	1.85 (1.58, 2.16)	< 0.0001
Model 1	0.76 (0.56, 1.02)	0.069	1.60 (1.37, 1.87)	< 0.0001
Model 2	0.82 (0.60, 1.13)	0.231	1.13 (0.96, 1.33)	0.1348
Model 3	0.77 (0.56, 1.05)	0.094	1.13 (0.96, 1.33)	0.1462

Elevated aminotransferase levels defined as aspartate aminotransferase (AST) > 37 U/L or alanine aminotransferase (ALT) > 40 U/L in men and AST or ALT > 31 U/L in women

Elevated Fatty Liver Index (FLI) defined as FLI ≥ 60

Low eGFR defined as eGFR < 60 ml/min/1.73 m²

Increased UACR defined as UACR > 17 mg/g in men and > 25 mg/ g in women

Model 1 adjusted for age, sex, Hispanic/Latino background, and study site

Model 2 adjusted for age, sex, Hispanic/Latino background, study site, and metabolic syndrome

Model 3 adjusted for age, sex, Hispanic/Latino background, study site, metabolic syndrome, education attainment, alcohol consumption, cigarette smoking, having health insurance, use of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors/angiotensin receptor blockers, and corticosteroids

Low eGFR outcome: interaction sex*aminotransferase p = 0.69 (Model 3); interaction background*aminotransferase p = 0.53 (Model 3)

Increased UACR outcome: interaction sex*aminotransferase: p = 0.75 (Model 3); interaction background*aminotransferase: p = 0.73 (Model 3)