Table 5.
Results of the consistency test
| Variable | Comparison | Studies providing direct evidence | Estimated treatment effect (SMD) | Test for disagreement (direct vs. indirect) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Number | Proportion | NMA (95% CI) | Direct (95% CI) | Indirect (95% CI) | Difference (95% CI) | Z-value | P-value | ||
| BMI | AET:CT | 5 | 0.98 | − 0.02 [− 0.31 to 0.27] | − 0.03 [− 0.33 to 0.26] | − 0.49 [− 1.45 to 2.42] | − 0.52 [− 2.48 to 1.44] | − 0.52 | 0.6042 |
| AET:RT | 1 | 0.75 | 0.23 [−0.18 to 0.64] | 0.27 [− 0.20 to 0.74] | 0.11 [− 0.70 to 0.93] | 0.16 [− 0.79 to 1.10] | 0.33 | 0.7435 | |
| CT:RT | 2 | 0.88 | 0.25 [−0.14 to 0.64] | 0.25 [−0.17 to 0.66] | 0.31 [− 0.81 to 1.42] | −0.06 [− 1.25 to 1.13] | −0.10 | 0.9241 | |
| FBG | AET:CT | 7 | 0.96 | 0.31 [−0.31 to 0.93] | 0.33 [−0.30 to 0.96] | − 0.15 [− 3.31 to 3.00] | 0.48 [− 2.74 to 3.70] | 0.29 | 0.7698 |
| AET:RT | 2 | 0.62 | 0.38 [−0.50 to 1.25] | 0.43 [−0.68 to 1.54] | 0.29 [−1.12 to 1.70] | 0.14 [− 1.66 to 1.93] | 0.15 | 0.8806 | |
| CT:RT | 4 | 0.89 | 0.07 [−0.72 to 0.86] | 0.01 [−0.82 to 0.84] | 0.58 [−1.85 to 3.00] | − 0.57 [−3.13 to 1.99] | −0.43 | 0.6638 | |
| HbA1c | AET:RT | 2 | 0.86 | −0.32 [−1.09 to 0.44] | − 0.58 [− 1.40 to 0.25] | 1.25 [− 0.80 to 3.30] | −1.83 [−4.03 to 0.38] | −1.62 | 0.1047 |
| CT:RT | 2 | 0.86 | 0.43 [−0.34 to 1.19] | 0.68 [− 0.14 to 1.51] | −1.14 [− 3.18 to 0.90] | 1.82 [− 0.38 to 4.03] | 1.62 | 0.1046 | |
| Insulin | AET:CT | 5 | 0.96 | −0.13 [−1.63 to 1.37] | − 0.14 [− 1.67 to 1.39] | 0.17 [−7.34 to 7.68] | −0.31 [−7.97 to 7.35] | −0.08 | 0.9362 |
| AET:RT | 1 | 0.44 | 0.30 [−1.91 to 2.51] | −0.92 [−4.26 to 2.41] | 1.25 [− 1.69 to 4.19] | −2.17 [−6.62 to 2.28] | −0.96 | 0.3385 | |
| CT:RT | 3 | 0.92 | 0.43 [−1.46 to 2.32] | 0.88 [−1.09 to 2.85] | −4.68 [− 11.32 to 1.98] | 5.55 [− 1.37 to 12.48] | 1.57 | 0.1162 | |
| HOMA-IR | AET:CT | 4 | 0.96 | −1.03 [− 1.96 to −0.10] | −1.03 [− 1.98 to − 0.08] | −0.95 [−5.50 to 3.59] | −0.08 [− 4.72 to 4.56] | −0.03 | 0.9738 |
| AET:RT | 2 | 0.76 | −0.15 [− 1.29 to 0.98] | − 0.29 [− 1.59 to 1.01] | 0.30 [−2.04 to 2.64] | −0.59 [−3.27 to 2.08] | −0.43 | 0.6647 | |
| CT:RT | 3 | 0.91 | 0.87 [−0.17 to 1.92] | 0.98 [−0.12 to 2.08] | 0.20 [−3.67 to 3.28] | 1.18 [−2.46 to 4.82] | 0.63 | 0.5261 | |
Abbreviations: AET aerobic exercise training, BMI body mass index, CI confidence interval, CT control training, FBG fasting blood glucose, HbA1c glycated hemoglobin, HOMA-IR homeostasis model assessment-insulin resistance index, NMA network meta-analysis, RT resistance training, SMD standardized mean difference