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. 2021 Sep 7;20:64. doi: 10.1186/s12941-021-00468-1

Fig. 4.

Fig. 4

Antibiotic resistance development of P. aeruginosa in a single patient during antibiotic therapy. a The disc diffusion inhibition zones for piperacillin/tazobactam (TZP), meropenem (MEM), ciprofloxacin (CIP), ceftazidime (CAZ), cefepime (FEP), tobramycin (TOB) and gentamicin (GEN) are shown for eight consecutive isolates (labeled from 1 to 8), collected after 9, 10, 16, 17, 18, 22, 29 and 37 days of ICU admission. Horizontal dashed lines indicate the EUCAST clinical resistant breakpoint values for TZP (18 mm), MEM (18 mm), CIP (26 mm), CAZ (17 mm), FEP (21 mm), TOB (18 mm) and GEN (15 mm), respectively. The bracket describes the resistance determinant detected in the P. aeruginosa isolates by whole-genome sequencing. b Antibiotic therapy of the patient. Piperacillin/tazobactam (TZP), meropenem (MEM), ciprofloxacin (CIP), gentamicin (GEN), ceftazidime/avibactam (CZA) and tobramycin (TOB)