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. 2021 Aug 26;13(8):971–984. doi: 10.4252/wjsc.v13.i8.971

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©The Author(s) 2021. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.

This article is an open-access article that was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/Licenses/by-nc/4.0/

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A comparison between immunoregulatory functions of mesenchymal stem cells and endothelial progenitor cells. According to our evaluations, among the four cell types [fetal liver (FL) derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), bone marrow-derived (BM)-MSCs, cord blood-derived (CB)-endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs), and adult peripheral blood-derived (APB)-EPCs]. Fetal liver-derived (FL)-MSCs are the most immunomodulatory cells because they: (1) suppress T cell proliferation; (2) decrease T cell activation phenotype; and (3) decrease T cell secretion of proinflammatory cytokines. On the other hand, they could more efficiently increase: (1) the secretion of anti-inflammatory cytokine; and (2) the induction of regulatory T cells (Tregs) more than the other cells. Therefore, we have considered FL-MSCs as the reference (5/5 blue points) regarding the measured criteria and compared the capacity of the other cells with them. In the case of CB-EPCs and APB-EPCs, because we did not notice any Treg induction or elevation of anti-inflammatory cytokine secretion we attributed a 0/5 score. Blue circles represent elevated levels while white circles represent the absence of the effect.