Fig 13. Examples of samples from the Kermany dataset where two out of three base learners yielded incorrect predictions, but the ensemble yielded the correct prediction.

Both images are of class “Normal”. (a) Case-1: GoogLeNet predicted “Pneumonia” with a confidence score of 53.1%, ResNet-18 predicted “Pneumonia” with a confidence score of 73.8%, and DenseNet-121 predicted “Normal” with a confidence score of 89.4%. The proposed ensemble framework predicted “Normal” (correct classification) with a confidence rate of 68.1 (b) Case-2: GoogLeNet predicted “Normal” with a confidence score of 98.6%, ResNet-18 predicted “Pneumonia” with a confidence score of 58.3%, and DenseNet-121 predicted “Pneumonia” with a confidence score of 69.3%. The proposed ensemble framework predicted “Normal” (correct classification) with a confidence rate of 66.3%.