Table 2. Univariate analysis: Analysis of US antenatal characteristics and neonatal outcomes according to bladder size.
| Antenatal characteristics and postnatal outcome | Bladder size | p | |
|---|---|---|---|
| < 12.5 mm | >12.5 mm | ||
| n = 14 (18.6%) | n = 61 (81.4%) | ||
| Age (years) | |||
| < 30 | 5 (35.7) | 21 (33.4) | 0.81 |
| 31–40 | 9 (64.3) | 32 (52.4) | |
| >40 | 0 | 8 (13.1) | |
| Nuchal translucency | |||
| < 1.5 | 8 (57.1) | 25 (40.9) | 0.17 |
| 1.5–3 | 6 (42.8) | 31 (50.8) | |
| >3 | 0 | 5 (8.3) | |
| Kidney appearance (FU) | |||
| Normal appearance | 11 (78.5) | 32 (52.4) | 0.02 |
| Hydronephrosis | 3 (21.4) | 18 (29.5) | 0.01 |
| Abnormal cortical appearance | 0 | 11 (18) | 0.26 |
| Amount of amniotic fluid (FU) | |||
| Normal | 11 (78.5) | 56 (91.8) | 0.93 |
| Oligohydramnios/anhydramnios | 3 (21.4) | 5 (8.2) | 0.71 |
| Kidney Appearance (SU) | |||
| Normal aspect | 8 (57.1) | 4 (6.5) | 0.09 |
| Hydronephrosis | 3 (21.4) | 33 (54.1) | 0.01 |
| Abnormal cortical aspect | 1 (7.1) | 40 (65.6) | 0.01 |
| Amount of amniotic fluid (SU) | |||
| Normal | 12 (85.7) | 19 (31.1) | 0,12 |
| Oligohydramnios/anhydramnios | 2 (14.3) | 42 (68.8) | <0.001 |
| Fetal gender | |||
| Female (XX) | 4 (28.5) | 14 (22.9) | 0.47 |
| Male (XY) | 10 (71.4) | 47 (77.1) | |
| Outcome (TOP excluded) | |||
| Favorable outcome | 12 (100) | 0 | < 0.001 |
| IUFD | 0 | 11 | |
| ND | 0 | 5 | |
| Outcome (TOP included) | |||
| IUFD | 0 | 11 (18) | < 0.001 |
| ND | 0 | 5 | |
| TOP | 2 (14.2) | 50 (82) | |
| Favorable outcome | 12 (85.8) | 0 | |
(FU: first ultrasound; SU: second ultrasound; TOP: termination of pregnancy; IUFD: in utero fetal death; ND: neonatal death). The Chi-square test was used for statistical analysis.