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. 2021 Feb 15;73(5):832–841. doi: 10.1093/cid/ciab139

Figure 3.

Figure 3.

(A) Plot illustrating fold-differences in median plasma biomarker concentration from matched pre-infection and hyperacute HIV-1 infection samples. Red bars demonstrate fold difference in analytes that had higher plasma concentrations during hyperacute HIV-1 infection compared to the pre-infection samples. Blue bars denote fold-difference in analytes that had higher concentrations in the pre-infection samples compared to hyperacute HIV-1 infection samples. (B) Graphs illustrating analytes that were significantly higher during hyperacute HIV-1 infection compared to preinfection (Wilcoxon paired signed-rank test P < .05 [*], P < .01 [**], and P < .001 [***], N = 31). Abbreviations: bFGF, basic fibroblast growth factor; Flt, FMS-like tyrosine kinase; GM-CSF, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor; HIV-1, human immunodeficiency virus type 1; IP, interferon gamma-induced protein; IFN, interferon; IL, interleukin; MCP, monocyte chemoattractant protein; MDC, macrophage-derived chemokine; MIP, macrophage inflammatory protein; PlGF, placental growth factor; TARC, thymus and activation-related chemokine; TNF, tumor necrosis factor; VEGF, vascular endothelial growth factor.