Table 1.
Unadjusted Baseline Demographic and Clinical Characteristics of the Study Population
| Characteristic | Baloxavir N = 146 192 | Oseltamivir N = 92 700 | Laninamivir N = 81 438 | Zanamivir N = 18 677 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, years | ||||
| 1 to <2 | 104 (0.1) | 3948 (4.3) | 4 (<0.1) | 3 (<0.1) |
| ≥2 to <5 | 1758 (1.2) | 17 789 (19.2) | 213 (0.3) | 53 (0.3) |
| ≥5 to <18 | 45 220 (30.9) | 27 556 (29.7) | 29 907 (36.7) | 12 048 (64.5) |
| ≥18 to <65 | 97 215 (66.5) | 42 426 (45.8) | 50 464 (62.0) | 6513 (34.9) |
| ≥65 | 1895 (1.3) | 981 (1.1) | 850 (1.0) | 60 (0.3) |
| Sex | ||||
| Male | 82 906 (56.7) | 50 628 (54.6) | 44 604 (54.8) | 9522 (51.0) |
| Female | 63 286 (43.3) | 42 072 (45.4) | 36 834 (45.2) | 9155 (49.0) |
| Type of influenza | ||||
| A virus | 106 340 (72.7) | 62 436 (67.4) | 57 119 (70.1) | 12 043 (64.5) |
| B virus | 991 (0.7) | 662 (0.7) | 701 (0.9) | 191 (1.0) |
| A and B virus | 30 (<0.1) | 17 (<0.1) | 19 (<0.1) | 1 (<0.1) |
| Unknown | 38 831 (26.6) | 29 585 (31.9) | 23 599 (29.0) | 6442 (34.5) |
| Steroid use | 472 (0.3) | 270 (0.3) | 302 (0.4) | 47 (0.3) |
| Dialysis use | 17 (<0.1) | 113 (0.1) | 21 (<0.1) | 4 (<0.1) |
| Presence of the following comorbidities: | ||||
| Respiratory coinfectiona | 85 168 (58.3) | 50 204 (54.2) | 46 935 (57.6) | 10 495 (56.2) |
| Asthmab | 16 382 (11.2) | 22 918 (24.7) | 9078 (11.1) | 2947 (15.8) |
| Diabetes mellitusc | 2448 (1.7) | 1206 (1.3) | 1264 (1.6) | 96 (0.5) |
| Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease | 918 (0.6) | 642 (0.7) | 490 (0.6) | 71 (0.4) |
| Cardiovascular disease | 1694 (1.2) | 1064 (1.1) | 917 (1.1) | 121 (0.6) |
| Cerebrovascular disease | 1338 (0.9) | 668 (0.7) | 676 (0.8) | 71 (0.4) |
| Mental disease including dementia | 8509 (5.8) | 5542 (6.0) | 4475 (5.5) | 974 (5.2) |
| Neurological disease | 10 676 (7.3) | 5461 (5.9) | 5695 (7.0) | 919 (4.9) |
| Anemia | 3171 (2.2) | 1982 (2.1) | 2013 (2.5) | 366 (2.0) |
| Immune deficiency | 150 (0.1) | 119 (0.1) | 112 (0.1) | 27 (0.1) |
| Hepatic disease | 4569 (3.1) | 2331 (2.5) | 2508 (3.1) | 281 (1.5) |
| Malignant tumor | 1636 (1.1) | 804 (0.9) | 890 (1.1) | 107 (0.6) |
Data are n (%).
aExcluding pneumonia.
bDiagnosis based on administration of disease-related medication World Health Organization Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical Classification System (WHO-ATC) code R03.
cDiagnosis based on administration of disease-related medication WHO-ATC code A10.