Suppression of motility and hyperactivation by H-89 (PKA inhibitor). Percentages of motility (A and C) and hyperactivation (B and D) were determined after sperm were cultured with
various concentrations of H-89 for 4 h in the absence and the presence of 100 fM MS. Data represent the mean ± standard deviation (SD). (A and B) (Vehicle) medium with 0.1% (v/v)
dimethyl sulfoxide as vehicle; (1 µM H-89) medium with 1 µM H-89 and vehicle; (10 µM H-89) medium with 10 µM H-89 and vehicle; (100 µM H-89) medium with 100 µM H-89 and vehicle. (C and
D) (Vehicle) medium with 0.1% (v/v) pure water and 0.1% (v/v) dimethyl sulfoxide as vehicle; (MS) medium with 100 fM MS and vehicle; (MS + 1 µM H-89) medium with 100 fM MS, 1 µM H-89,
and vehicle; (MS + 10 µM H-89) medium with 100 fM MS, 10 µM H-89, and vehicle; (MS + 100 µM H-89) medium with 100 fM MS, 100 µM H-89, and vehicle. * indicates significant differences
compared with “Vehicle,” “1 µM H-89,” and “10 µM H-89” (P < 0.05). ** indicates significant differences compared with “Vehicle” and “1 µM H-89” (P < 0.05). # indicates
significant differences compared with “Vehicle” (P < 0.05). ## indicates significant differences compared with “Vehicle,” “MS,” “MS + 1 µM H-89,” and “MS + 10 µM H-89” (P <
0.05). $ indicates significant differences compared with “Vehicle” (P < 0.05). $$ indicates significant differences compared with “Vehicle” and “MS + 10 µM H-89” (P < 0.05). ⁂
indicates significant differences compared with “Vehicle,” “MS + 1 µM H-89,” and “MS + 10 µM H-89” (P < 0.05). MS, α-methylserotonin maleate.