The effect of exercise on the ex vivo expansion of SARS-CoV-2 VSTs. (a) The total number of SARS-CoV-2 T-cells at the start of culture (day 0) and the total number of SARS-CoV-2 VSTs generated after 10 days of ex vivo expansion. (b) The number of SARS-CoV-2 VSTs generated at Day 10 divided by the number of SARS-CoV-2 T-cells in the PBMC fractions at Day 0, specific to each individual pepmix. Proportions of T-cell subsets among IFN- γ secreting expanded VSTs stimulated with SARS-CoV-2 (c) S, (d) M, and (e) N antigen pepmixes, respectively. (f) SARS-CoV-2 specific TCR-diversity in response to exercise after ex vivo expansion (Post-I). The absolute change in SARS-CoV-2 unique clones among the expanded VSTs, (j) 80% relative to rest. (k) 80% relative to 1 h, and (l) 1 h relative to rest.