Table 3.
Characteristics of oral manifestations reported in case reports and case series.
| References (location) | Cases | Sex/age (years) | Oral manifestations | General findings |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Afsal et al. (55) (India) | 3 cases | NA | Inflammation of the papillae of Wharton's Duct; hyposalivation | Mild fever, myalgia, throat pain |
| Aghazadeh et al. (56) (Iran) | 1 case | F/9 | Herpetiform eruption comprising vesicles and erosions on the lips, anterior tongue, and buccal mucosa | High fever, severe weakness, loss of appetite, abdominal pain, diarrhea; dry cough, shortness of breath, tachypnea, hypoxia; deep red, edematous papules and plaques on the dorsal aspect of hands and feet |
| Al-Khanati et al. (57) (Syria) | 1 case | M/24 | Two aphthous-like ulcers on the lower lip with pain; areas of overgrowth and absence of filiform papillae in the tongue with burning sensation; inflammatory and purulent areas on the pharyngeal wall | Very severe pain all over the body, especially in the shoulders, lower back, and knees; very severe headache, dizziness, loss of appetite, nausea, high temperature |
| Amorim Dos Santos et al. (58) (Brazil) | 1 case | M/67 | Persistent white plaque and multiple pinpoint yellowish ulcers- similar to herpetic recurrent oral lesions- on the dorsal part of the tongue; a 1 cm nodule on the lower lip suggestive of fibroma; extremely viscous saliva; plaque resolved with treatment and was replaced by an asymptomatic geographical tongue | Respiratory symptoms, progressive dyspnea on exertion, fever, diarrhea, hypogeusia |