Table 1.
Pulse sequence parameters
| Sequence name | Type | TR (ms) | TE (ms) | Inversion time (ms) | Flip angle (°) | Section thickness/reconstruction step (mm) | Pixel size (mm) | Number of slices | Echo spacing (ms) | Echo train length | Field of view (mm) | Matrix size | Number of excitations | Scan time | SPEEDER (phase direction × slice direction) | Scan option |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| MR cisternography | FASE3D | 3500 | 299 | NA | 90–160 - constant | 2.0/1.0 | 0.5 × 0.5 | 224 | 6.5 | 158 | 180 × 200 | 352 × 384 | 1 | 4 min 47 s | 2 × 1.4 | Flip back pulse at the end of echo train |
| Positive perilymph image (heavily T2-weighted 3D-FLAIR) | FASE3D-MPV with inversion pulse | 16000 | 546 | 2850 | 90–170 - constant 160 | 2.0/1.0 | 0.5 × 0.5 | 224 | 6.5 | 258 | 180 × 200 | 352 × 384 | 1 | 7 min 28 s | 2 × 1.5 | Frequency selective fat suppression pre-pulse |
| Positive endolymph image | FASE3D-MPV with inversion pulse | 16000 | 546 | 2400 | 90–170 - constant 160 | 2.0/1.0 | 0.5 × 0.5 | 224 | 6.5 | 258 | 180 × 200 | 352 × 384 | 1 | 7 min 28 s | 2 × 1.5 | Frequency selective fat suppression pre-pulse |
3D slab is set in an axial orientation. FASE, fast advanced spin echo; FASE3D-MPV, equivalent to the variable flip angle 3D turbo spin echo technique such as sampling perfection with application optimized contrast using different flip angle evolution (SPACE); FLAIR, fluid attenuated inversion recovery; MPV, multiplanar voxel; SPEEDER, parallel imaging technique in the image domain.