Table 1.
The characteristic parameters of sensitizers used in different cancer cell or animal models.
| Sensitizer | Ultrasound |
Laser light |
Cancer cell type | Species | Ref. | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Frequency (MHz) | Intensity (W/cm2) | Time (min) | Laser wavelength (nm) | Light dose (J/cm2) | ||||
| Hp | 2.2 | 5 | 3 | – | – | S180 | ICR mice | 33 |
| – | – | – | 635 | 4.05 | Fadu | – | 34 | |
| Pheophorbide a | 1.92 | 3 | 15 | – | – | S180 | Male ICR mice | 36 |
| – | – | – | 675 ± 3 | 90 | MCF-7 | Female BALB/c nude mice | 35 | |
| Photofrin | 1.0 | 0.5 | 2 | – | – | U251 | – | 37 |
| – | – | – | 630 | 50–350 | RIF | Female C3H mice | 38 | |
| HMME | 1 | 0.5 | 1.5 | 630 | 20–240 | C6 | – | 39 |
| PH-1126 | 1.0 | 0.51 | 10 | 650 | 44 | SCC | C3H/HeN mice | 29 |
| ATX-70 | 1.0 | 0.51 | 10 | 575 | 88 | SCC | C3H/HeN mice | 29 |
| Ce6 | 1.0 | 0.36 | 1 | 650 | 1.2 | 4T1 | – | 30,31 |
| 1.0 | 0.36 | 1 | 650 | 1.2/2.5 | MDA-MB-231 | – | 32,40 | |
| 1.90 | 1.6 | 3 | 650 | 120 | 4T1 | Female BALB/c mice | 41 | |
| Photolon | 1 | 0.4/0.7/1.0 | 10 | 661 | 50–100 | C6 | White random-bred rats | 42 |
| DVDMS | 1.90 | 1.6 | 3 | 635 | 50 | 4T1 | Female BALB/c mice | 43 |
| ZnPc | 1.1 | 1 | 10 | 670 ± 20 | 300 | CT26 | BALB/c mice | 44 |
| ClAlPcS2 | 1 | 2 | 10 | 660 | 15 | B16F0, NIH3T3 |
– | 45 |
| 1 | 2 | 10 | 635 | 10 | MCF-7 | – | 28 | |
| 1 | 2 | 10 | 635 | 15 | A549 | – | 46 | |
| RBDs | 1.0 | 2.0 | 3 | >500 | 27 | HepG2 | – | 47 |
| ICG | 1 | 3.5 | 3 | 830 | 56.7 | RIF-1 | C3H/HeN mice | 48 |
| 5-ALA | 1 | 3.0 | 10 | – | – | EMT6 | Female BALB/c mice | 50 |
| – | – | – | 630 ± 15 | 40 | A431 | Female SCID mice | 49 | |
| Curcumin | 0.86 | 2 | 5–15 | – | – | THP-1 | – | 52 |
| – | – | – | 445 | 100 | Me180 | Female BALB/c nude mice | 51 | |
| MB | 2 | 0.24 | 0.5 | – | – | S180 | – | 54 |
| – | – | – | 660 | 1–6 | W256 | Female Wistar rats | 53 | |
| HB | 0.84 | 0.25 | 1 | – | – | SGC7901, SGC7901/ADR |
– | 56 |
| – | – | – | 463 | 9 | HepG2 | – | 55 | |
| Porous silicon | 0.88 | 0.5 | 10 | – | – | Hep2 | – | 58 |
| – | – | – | 458 | 15–60 | HeLa, NIH 3T3 |
– | 57 | |
| TiO2 nanoparticles | 1 | 1.0 | 2 | – | – | C32 | BALB/c athymic nude mice | 60 |
| – | – | – | 365 | 5 | U87-MG | Female BALB/c nude mice | 59 | |
| Ag2S QDs | 1.0 | 1.5 | 5 | – | – | C26 | Male BALB/c mice | 61 |
| – | – | – | 808 | 600 | 4T1 | Female BALB/c mice | 62 | |
| Ag nanoparticles | 1 | 0.5–2 | 10 | – | – | A2780 | – | 63 |
| – | – | – | – | 5 × 10−4 | MCF-7 | – | 64 | |
| Au nanoparticles | 1.1 | 2 | 3 | 560 | 35 | CT26 | Male BALB/c mice | 65 |
| Black phosphorus | 1 | 1.5 | 10 | – | – | 4T1 | BALB/c nude mice | 67 |
| – | – | – | 660 | 0.6 | MDA-MB-231 | BALB/nu–nu nude mice | 66 | |
Hp, hematoporphyrin; HMME, hematoporphyrin monomethyl ether; Ce6, chlorin e6; DVDMS, sinoporphyrin sodium; ZnPc, zinc (II) phthalocyanine; ClAlPcS2, chloroaluminum phthalocyanine disulfonate; RBDs, rose bengal derivatives; ICG, indocyanine green; 5-ALA, 5-aminolevulinic acid; MB, methylene blue; HB, hypocrellin B; TiO2, titanium dioxide; S180, mouse sarcoma; ICR, Institute of Cancer Research; Fadu, human oral cancer; MCF-7, human breast cancer; U251, human glioma; RIF, mouse radiation-induced fibrosarcoma; C6, rat glioma; SCC, hunan squamous cell carcinoma; 4T1, mouse breast cancer; MDA-MB-231, human breast cancer; CT26, mouse colon cancer; B16F0, mouse melanoma; NIH3T3, mouse fibroblast; A549, human non-small cell lung cancer; HepG2, human hepatocellular carcinoma; SCID, severe combined immunodeficient; EMT6, mouse mammary carcinoma; A431, human squamous cell carcinoma; THP-1, human monocytes; Me180, human cervical epidermoid carcinoma; W256, walker 256 carcinosarcoma; SGC7901, human gastric adenocarcinoma; Hep2, human laryngeal cancer; HeLa, human cervical cancer; C32, human melanoma; U87-MG, human glioma; A2780, human ovarian carcinoma; ‒, not applicable.