Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of the patients according to aetiology groups of the cirrhosis.
| n | Total (3,533 patients) | Viral (1,926 patients) | Alcoholic (1,167 patients) | Mixed (440 patients) | p value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Male gender | 3,511 | 2,403 (68%) | 1,238 (64%) | 790 (69%) | 375 (86%) | <10−4 |
| Age, years | 3,522 | 55 (48–64) | 56 (48–65) | 57 (50–64) | 50 (45–57) | <10−4 |
| BMI kg/ m2 | 3,014 | 26 (23–29) | 27 (23–29) | 27 (24–30.5) | 25 (23–28) | <10−4 |
| BMI ≧30 kg/m2 | 3,014 | 653 (22%) | 303 (19%) | 295 (29%) | 55 (15%) | <10−4 |
| Alcohol, g/day | 3,187 | <10−4 | ||||
| 0–10 | 2,758 (86%) | 1,608 (93%) | 874 (81%) | 276 (71%) | ||
| 11–50 | 259 (8%) | 113 (7%) | 84 (8%) | 62 (16%) | ||
| 51–100 | 73 (4%) | 0 | 73 (7%) | 40 (10%) | ||
| >100 | 45 (2%) | 0 | 45 (4%) | 12 (3%) | ||
| Excessive alcohol consumption (years) | 115 | 20 (19–29) | n.a. | 20 (10–30) | 10 (5–20) | <10−4 |
| Smokers | 2,716 | <10−4 | ||||
| No | 1,007 (37%) | 758 (50%) | 210 (24%) | 39 (12%) | ||
| Ex | 694 (26%) | 325 (22%) | 291 (33%) | 78 (24%) | ||
| Current | 1,015 (37%) | 431 (28%) | 375 (43%) | 209 (64%) | ||
| Diabetes | 2,318 | 259 (11%) | 93 (7%) | 146 (23%) | 20 (7.5%) | <10−4 |
| History of liver decompensation | 3,533 | 701 (20%) | 30 (2%) | 650 (56%) | 21 (5%) | <10−4 |
| Esophageal varices | 2,899 | <10−4 | ||||
| 0 | 1,720 (59%) | 1,047 (69%) | 472 (45%) | 201 (61%) | ||
| 1 | 742 (26%) | 304 (20%) | 350 (33%) | 88 (27%) | ||
| 2 | 381 (13%) | 146 (10%) | 202 (19%) | 33 (10%) | ||
| 3 | 56 (2%) | 14 (1%) | 37 (3%) | 5 (2%) | ||
| Prothrombin time % | 3,339 | 84 (74–95) | 88 (78–97) | 76 (65–88) | 86 (76–96) | <10−4 |
| Albumin, g/ L | 3,339 | 41 (38–44) | 42 (39–45) | 40 (36–43) | 41 (38–45) | <10−4 |
| Bilirubin, μmol/L | 3,237 | 13 (9–18) | 12 (8–16) | 15 (10–24) | 12 (8–18) | <10−4 |
| ALT, IU/L | 3,471 | 41 (25–77) | 53 (31–96) | 26 (19–39) | 61 (34–102) | <10−4 |
| AST, IU/L | 3,461 | 43 (29–73) | 49 (31–83) | 35 (26–50) | 54 (33–90) | <10−4 |
| GGT, IU/L | 3,418 | 82 (43–165) | 67 (36–127) | 106 (54–220) | 102 (57–203) | <10−4 |
| Platelets, Giga/L | 3,416 | 138 (99–183) | 140 (100–186) | 139 (102–185) | 125 (87–175) | 0.0003 |
| AFP, ng/ml | 3,187 | 5 (3–8) | 5 (3–10) | 4 (3–6) | 6 (3–10) | <10−4 |
| MELD | 2,536 | 8.3 (7.5–9.4) | 7.9 (7.5–8.9) | 8.9 (7.8–10.9) | 7.9 (7.5–9.0) | <10−4 |
| Child-Pugh A | 3,255 | 3,128 (96%) | 1,808 (99%) | 924 (90%) | 396 (98%) | <10−4 |
| HIV + | 3,078 | 78 (2.5%) | 63 (3.4%) | 2 (0.2%) | 13 (3.4%) | <10−4 |
| HCV antibodies | 3,316 | <10−4 | ||||
| Positive | 1,801 (54%) | 1,434 (78%) | 0 | 367 (92%) | ||
| Negative | 1,515 (46%) | 414 (22%) | 1,069 (100%) | 32 (8%) | ||
| HCV RNA | 2,540 | |||||
| Positive | 1,333 (52%) | 1,059 (73%) | 0 | 274 (72%) | 0.85 | |
| Negative | 1,207 (48%) | 400 (27%) | 701 (100%) | 106 (28%) | 1.00 | |
| HBsAg | 3,406 | <10−4 | ||||
| Positive | 474 (14%) | 437 (23%) | 0 | 37 (9%) | ||
| Negative | 2,932 (86%) | 1,446 (77%) | 1,103 (100%) | 383 (91%) | ||
| HBV DNA | 1,151 | |||||
| Positive | 173 (15%) | 153 (35%) | 0 | 20 (45%) | 0.19 | |
| Negative | 978 (85%) | 280 (65%) | 674 (100%) | 24 (55%) | 0.55 | |
| Fibroscan, kPa | 1,364 | 16.5 (10.5–26.5) | 14.5 (10–22) | 24.5 (14–42) | 17.5 (12–28) | <10−4 |
Categorical and binary variables are summarised by percentages-continuous variables are summarized using median (IQR). Univariate comparisons use Fisher's exact test for categorical variables and Wilcoxon rank test for quantitative variables. AFP, alpha-fetoprotein; ALT, alanine aminotransferase; AST, aspartate aminotransferase; GGT, gamma glutamyltransferase; MELD, model for end-stage liver disease.