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Schematic illustration of the rationale of orally administered microneedles. (A) Computer-aided design of the radial prototype; (B) The produced microdevice with metal endcap and pin; (C) Radiography of the microneedle; (D) Therapeutic use concept of both hollow and solid microneedles; (E) The concept of oral delivery of PPs via microneedle patch. Reprinted with the permission from Refs. 286 and 288. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier and 2019 Nature.
