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. 2021 Sep 8;8(9):210699. doi: 10.1098/rsos.210699

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© 2021 The Authors.

Published by the Royal Society under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/, which permits unrestricted use, provided the original author and source are credited.

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Figure 4. — Simulations of the basic model (2.1) to assess the combined impact of face mask use strategy and reduction in community transmission due to other NPIs (implemented at the beginning of the third wave) on cumulative COVID-19 mortality in the USA (a) Only cloth masks are used. (b) Only improved cloth masks are used. (c) Only surgical masks are used. (d) Only respirator (or equivalent) are used. For the blue curves (baseline scenario) in figures (a–d), the mask efficacy is maintained at 50% (i.e. ɛ_m = 0.5). The other parameter values used in the simulations are given in tables 1 and 2. The shaded magenta and green regions represent the beginning and end of the first and second pandemic waves in the USA, respectively. The shaded yellow region represents the beginning of the third pandemic wave until 11 March 2021. Dashed vertical blue lines demarcate the three waves.