Table 3.

Synthesis methods of MOFs.

Method	Advantage	Disadvantage
Nonsolvothermal synthesis	• Under ambient pressure • Simplifier synthetic requirements	• Long reaction time • Low yield • Large particle size
Solvothermal synthesis	• Higher yield than nonsolvothermal synthesis • Smaller and more homogeneous crystals than nonsolvothermal synthesis	• Long reaction time
Microwave assisted solvothermal synthesis	• Environment-friendly rapid synthesis • Morphology and size control • High yield • Good monodispersity	• Specific device
Sonochemical synthesis	• Easy and environment-friendly rapid synthesis • Good monodispersity	• Further sonication led to decomposition of the crystals • Low yield
Mechanochemical synthesis	• Solvent-free • Low-cost and high-throughput production	• Energy and materials consumption • Potential structure change
Electrochemical synthesis	• Prepare a higher solids content	• Specific device