Table 1.
Descriptive statistics of the study population (at baseline)
| Variable | Measurement | N (%)/Mean (SD) |
|---|---|---|
| (n = 8421) | ||
| Cognitive function | Continuous measurement | 23.085 (8.16) |
| Age | Continuous measurement | 82.585 (11.04) |
| Gender | Male = 1 | 4605 (54.68) |
| Female = 0 | 3816 (45.32) | |
| Education (years) | Continuous measurement | 2.368 (3.56) |
| Marital status | Have spouse = 1 | 3816 (45.32) |
| Without spouse = 0 | 4605 (54.68) | |
| ADL | Continuous measurement | 6.342 (1.320) |
| Sufficient financial support for daily expenses | Yes = 1 | 6531 (77.56) |
| No = 0 | 1890 (22.44) | |
| Residence | Rural = 1 | 5205 (61.81) |
| City = 0 | 3216 (38.19) | |
| Smoked | Yes = 1 | 2819 (33.48) |
| No = 0 | 5602 (66.52) | |
| Consumed alcohol | Yes = 1 | 2434 (28.90) |
| No = 0 | 5987 (71.10) | |
| Exercised | Yes = 1 | 2784 (33.06) |
| No = 0 | 5637 (66.94) | |
| Living alone | Yes = 1 | 1367 (16.23) |
| No = 0 | 7054 (83.77) | |
| Daily life support | Yes = 1 | 528 (6.27) |
| No = 0 | 7893 (93.73) | |
| Emotional comfort and entertainment services | Yes = 1 | 1007 (11.96) |
| No = 0 | 7414 (88.04) | |
| Medical support and health services | Yes = 1 | 993 (11.79) |
| No = 0 | 7428 (88.21) |