Table 1. Student Characteristics at Baseline.
| No. (%) of studentsa | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| IPM and HEPA filter (n = 59) |
IPM and sham HEPA filter (n = 59) |
No IPM and HEPA filter (n = 59) |
No IPM and sham HEPA filter (n = 59) |
|
| Demographic characteristics | ||||
| Age, mean (SD), y | 8.2 (1.9) | 8.2 (2.0) | 8.3 (2.2) | 7.9 (1.9) |
| Sex | ||||
| Male | 33 (56) | 26 (44) | 27 (46) | 37 (63) |
| Female | 26 (44) | 33 (56) | 32 (54) | 22 (37) |
| Race | ||||
| Black | 17 (31) | 13 (24) | 15 (29) | 12 (21) |
| White | 21 (38) | 26 (47) | 20 (38) | 33 (57) |
| Otherb | 17 (31) | 16 (29) | 17 (33) | 13 (22) |
| Hispanic ethnicity | 38 (64) | 26 (44) | 32 (56) | 35 (62) |
| Income | ||||
| <$25 000 | 13 (22) | 5 (8) | 11 (19) | 12 (20) |
| $25 000-$45 000 | 8 (14) | 8 (14) | 11 (19) | 8 (14) |
| >$45 000 | 18 (31) | 26 (44) | 18 (31) | 21 (36) |
| Refused or do not know | 20 (34) | 20 (34) | 19 (32) | 18 (31) |
| Asthma symptoms and medication use prior to the intervention | ||||
| No. of symptom-days with asthma, 2-wk mean (SD) | 2.0 (3.2) | 2.4 (4.2) | 1.5 (3.4) | 3.0 (4.7) |
| Range for No. of symptom-days with asthma | ||||
| 0-1 | 36 (61) | 40 (68) | 45 (76) | 36 (61) |
| 2-3 | 12 (20) | 8 (14) | 6 (10) | 7 (12) |
| 4-9 | 7 (12) | 5 (8) | 5 (8) | 8 (14) |
| 10-14 | 4 (7) | 6 (10) | 3 (5) | 8 (14) |
| No. of missed school days due to asthma, 2-wk mean (SD) | 0.16 (0.45) | 0.10 (0.40) | 0.12 (0.92) | 0.04 (0.19) |
| Range for No. of missed school days due to asthma | ||||
| 0 | 51 (88) | 55 (93) | 57 (98) | 55 (96) |
| 1-2 | 7 (12) | 4 (7) | 0 | 2 (4) |
| 3-7 | 0 | 0 | 1 (2) | 0 |
| Composite Asthma Severity Index | ||||
| Mean (SD) | 3.4 (2.5) | 3.0 (1.8) | 2.8 (2.3) | 3.0 (1.9) |
| Median (interquartile range) | 2 (2-5) | 2 (2-4) | 2 (1-5) | 3 (1-5) |
| No. of days with short-acting β-agonist use, 2-wk mean (SD) | 1.4 (3.1) | 1.4 (3.3) | 1.0 (2.7) | 1.4 (3.2) |
| Range for No. of days with short-acting β-agonist use | ||||
| 0-1 | 44 (75) | 46 (78) | 46 (78) | 36 (61) |
| 2-3 | 6 (10) | 7 (12) | 10 (17) | 7 (12) |
| 4-9 | 6 (10) | 2 (3) | 1 (2) | 8 (14) |
| 10-14 | 3 (5) | 4 (7) | 2 (3) | 8 (14) |
| Type of treatment received | ||||
| Short-acting β-agonist only | 23 (40) | 25 (43) | 23 (41) | 29 (50) |
| Low-dose inhaled corticosteroids or leukotriene modifier | 21 (36) | 22 (38) | 22 (39) | 16 (28) |
| Low-dose inhaled corticosteroids and long-acting β-agonist or medium-dose inhaled corticosteroids | 2 (3) | 1 (2) | 3 (5) | 4 (7) |
| Medium-dose inhaled corticosteroids and long-acting β-agonist | 4 (7) | 4 (7) | 2 (4) | 3 (5) |
| High-dose inhaled corticosteroids with or without long-acting β-agonist | 8 (14) | 6 (10) | 6 (11) | 6 (10) |
| Asthma-related health care use during prior year | ||||
| Acute visit | 11 (19) | 7 (12) | 12 (20) | 9 (15) |
| Emergency department visit | 3 (5) | 1 (2) | 3 (5) | 4 (7) |
| Hospitalization | 5 (8) | 3 (5) | 6 (10) | 4 (7) |
| Short course of oral corticosteroids | 15 (25) | 13 (22) | 14 (24) | 15 (25) |
| Lung function prior to treatment with bronchodilator | ||||
| No. of patients | 56 | 52 | 47 | 55 |
| FEV1, mean (SD), % predicted | 99.7 (21.9) | 99.3 (16.3) | 97.0 (14.2) | 98.7 (15.5) |
| FVC, mean (SD), % predicted | 97.4 (17.5) | 99.2 (15.5) | 100.0 (15.2) | 99.0 (12.8) |
| FEV1:FVC, mean (SD), % | 85.6 (8.8) | 85.7 (7.8) | 84.2 (6.3) | 84.2 (7.2) |
| Characteristics of skin test sensitivity | ||||
| Any sensitization, No./total (%) | 34/58 (59) | 38/58 (66) | 30/58 (52) | 34/57 (60) |
| Dust mite allergen | 15 (26) | 26 (45) | 15 (15) | 13 (23) |
| Cockroach allergen | 8 (14) | 17 (28) | 16 (28) | 14 (25) |
| Mouse allergen | 15 (26) | 16 (28) | 12 (21) | 11 (19) |
| Cat allergen | 13 (22) | 16 (28) | 8 (14) | 8 (14) |
| Mold allergen | 11 (19) | 7 (12) | 3 (5) | 6 (11) |
| Dog allergen | 3 (5) | 7 (12) | 5 (9) | 3 (5) |
Abbreviations: FEV1, forced expiratory volume in first second of expiration; FEV1:FVC, ratio of FEV1 to percent of FVC; FVC, forced vital capacity; HEPA, high-efficiency particulate air; IPM, integrated pest management.
a
Unless otherwise indicated.
b
Asian, American Indian/Alaska Native, multiracial, or specified as other.