Table 1. Weighted Rates of Decreased Social Connectedness Since the Start of the COVID-19 Pandemic Among Selected Subpopulations.

Variable name	Variable categories	%
		Percentage of overall cohort in specified category	Percentage of beneficiaries within specified category who reported feeling less socially connected
Age group, y	<65	13.7	35.4
	65-74	55.8	39.1
	>74	30.5	33.4
Sex	Men	44.0	31.3
	Women	56.0	41.2
Race/ethnicity	White non-Hispanic	76.7	38.9
	Black non-Hispanic	9.9	24.6
	Hispanic	7.3	34.4
	Asian, American Indian or Alaska Native, Native Hawaiian or other Pacific Islander, or unknown	6.0	33.9
Metropolitan residence	No	20.0	33.3
	Yes	80.0	37.7
Geographic region	West	22.0	39.4
	Northeast	17.7	37.7
	Midwest	22.2	40.6
	South	38.1	32.7
Annual income, $	<25 000	28.9	29.5
	≥25 000	69.0	40.2
	Do not know	2.1	27.9
Non-English language spoken at home	No	90.2	37.1
	Yes	9.8	34.0
Medicaid dual eligible in 2019	No	86.8	38.1
	Fully dual eligible	7.9	26.6
	Partially dual eligible	3.0	31.2
	QMB eligible only	2.3	30.7
Primary location care received	Physician’s office/medical clinic	82.4	37.7
	Managed care plan center/HMO	3.7	44.5
	Other clinic (eg, rural, company)	1.6	38.2
	Urgent care/emergency department	4.3	29.5
	Veterans Affairs facility	2.8	23.4
	Other type of location	0.4	25.2
	No regular care at a location	4.9	31.4
Own computer	No	31.7	28.8
	Yes	68.3	40.6
Own smartphone	No	29.0	29.5
	Yes	71.0	39.8
Access to internet	No	15.7	26.7
	Yes	84.3	38.7
Used video or voice calls over the internet	No	46.3	29.2
	Yes	53.7	43.4
Missed any health appointment because of COVID-19	No	78.9	34.4
	Yes	21.2	45.8
Total COVID-19 precautions taken	≤4	9.5	29.0
	5	17.2	32.1
	6	73.3	39.9
Wore a face mask because of COVID-19	No	4.4	20.8
	Yes	95.6	37.7
Avoided contact with people with illness because of COVID-19	No	4.5	27.1
	Yes	95.5	37.5
Kept a 6-foot distance between self and others because of COVID-19	No	5.1	27.5
	Yes	94.9	37.5
Avoided large gatherings of people because of COVID-19	No	8.0	24.4
	Yes	92.0	38.2
Left home for essential purposes only because of COVID-19	No	13.9	32.0
	Yes	86.1	37.8
Avoided other people as much as possible	No	10.0	27.9
	Yes	90.0	37.9
Traditional news sources used for information on COVID-19	No	8.4	32.3
	Yes	91.7	37.2
Social media used for information on COVID-19	No	68.4	36.5
	Yes	31.6	37.6
Comments or guidance from government officials used for information on COVID-19	No	33.8	31.1
	Yes	66.2	39.7
Other webpages/internet used for information on COVID-19	No	52.3	31.9
	Yes	47.8	42.2
Friends or family used for information on COVID-19	No	46.9	37.1
	Yes	53.1	36.5
Health care clinicians used for information on COVID-19	No	50.7	35.0
	Yes	49.3	38.7
History of any immunodeficiency	No	81.3	35.7
	Yes	18.7	41.6
History of myocardial infarction	No	90.6	37.2
	Yes	9.5	33.0
History of congestive heart failure	No	94.5	36.9
	Yes	5.5	35.2
History of stroke	No	91.3	36.8
	Yes	8.7	36.9
History of dementia	No	98.5	37.0
	Yes	1.5	27.5
History of depression	No	73.5	35.1
	Yes	26.6	41.6
History of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease/asthma	No	80.9	36.8
	Yes	19.1	36.9
History of diabetes	No	66.3	37.6
	Yes	33.7	35.3
History of cancer	No	80.3	35.7
	Yes	19.7	41.4

Abbreviations: HMO, health maintenance organization; QMB, Qualified Medicare Beneficiary.