Table 2.
Stepwise regression analysis for all dialysis patients with 5-year survival rate, n = 5249
| Variables | Univariate | Multivariate | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| HR (95% CI) | P-value | aHR (95% CI) | P-value | |
| Age > 60 year | 2.74 (2.45–3.07) | < 0.001 | 2.32 (2.08–2.61) | < 0.001 |
| Gender—male | 1.06 (0.96–1.18) | 0.273 | 1.00 (0.95–1.05) | 0.984 |
| Grouping | ||||
| NDD | 1 | 1 | ||
| IDD | 1.23 (1.09–1.37) | < 0.001 | 1.35 (1.20–1.52) | < 0.001 |
| PDD-M | 1.46 (1.19–1.78) | < 0.001 | 1.52 (1.25–1.86) | < 0.001 |
| PDD-NM | 2.58 (2.16–3.07) | < 0.001 | 2.12 (1.77–2.53) | < 0.001 |
| Region | ||||
| Northern | 1 | |||
| Central | 1.08 (0.95–1.22) | 0.231 | ||
| Southern/Eastern | 0.92 (0.82–1.03) | 0.153 | ||
| Insured premium (NT$) | ||||
| < 15,840 | 1 | 1 | ||
| 15,840–25,000 | 0.84 (0.74–0.94) | 0.003 | 0.86 (0.75–0.96) | 0.010 |
| > 25,000 | 0.72 (0.63–0.82) | < 0.001 | 0.85 (0.74–0.97) | 0.014 |
| Urbanization | ||||
| Urban | 1 | |||
| Sub-urban | 1.11 (0.99–1.24) | 0.067 | ||
| Rural | 1.23 (1.05–1.43) | 0.008 | ||
| Hospital characteristics | ||||
| Medical center | 1 | |||
| Region/others | 1.01 (0.91 -1.13) | 0.836 | ||
| Number of admissions during the 12 months leading up to dialysis | ||||
| 0–1 | 1 | 1 | ||
| > 1 | 1.87 (1.69–2.07) | < 0.001 | 1.60 (1.42–1.80) | < 0.001 |
| Dialysis modality | ||||
| Peritoneal dialysis | 1 | |||
| Hemodialysis | 1.76 (1.40–2.22) | < 0.001 | ||
| Comorbidity | ||||
| Hypertension | 1.22 (1.10–1.36) | < 0.001 | 0.78 (0.69–0.88) | < 0.001 |
| Hyperlipidemia | 0.78 (0.69–0.88) | < 0.001 | ||
| Gout | 0.91 (0.78–1.07) | 0.251 | ||
| Congestive heart failure | 1.37 (1.23–1.52) | < 0.001 | 1.15 (1.03–1.28) | 0.012 |
| Cerebrovascular accident | 1.51 (1.33–1.71) | < 0.001 | 1.26 (1.11–1.43) | 0.001 |
| COPD | 1.84 (1.58–2.14) | < 0.001 | 1.34 (1.14–1.56) | < 0.001 |
| Chronic liver disease | 1.57 (1.30–1.90) | < 0.001 | 1.36 (1.12–1.66) | 0.002 |
| Malignancy | 1.81 (1.57–2.09) | < 0.001 | 1.39 (1.20–1.61) | < 0.001 |
| ACEI/ARB use | 0.58 (0.52–0.64) | < 0.001 | 0.68 (0.62–0.76) | < 0.001 |
| Lipid-lowering drug use | 0.50 (0.44–0.57) | < 0.001 | 0.61 (0.54–0.69) | < 0.001 |
HR hazard ratio, CI confidence interval, aHR adjusted hazard ratio, NDD non-diabetic dialysis, IDD incident diabetes after dialysis, PDD-NM pre-existing diabetes dialysis patients not continuing medication, PDD-M pre-existing diabetes dialysis patients continuing medication, COPD chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, ACEI angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors, ARB angiotensin II receptor blockers