Table 5.

Stepwise regression analysis for incident diabetic patients after dialysis with 5-year survival rate, n = 335

Variables	Univariate		Multivariate
	HR (95% CI)	P-value	aHR (95% CI)	P-value
Age > 60 years	2.52 (1.67–3.79)	< 0.001	2.35 (1.56–3.55)	< 0.001
Gender—male	1.40 (0.98–2.00)	0.068
Anti-diabetic drug use
OHA	1
Insulin	1.63 (1.14–2.33)	0.008	1.41 (0.98–2.02)	0.068
Region
Northern	1
Central	1.23 (0.80–1.89)	0.900
Southern/Eastern	0.94 (0.63–1.52)	0.398
Insured premium (NT$)
< 15,840	1
15,840–25,000	0.78 (0.51–1.20)	0.254
> 25,000	0.87 (0.55–1.38)	0.543
Urbanization
Urban	1
Sub-urban	0.75 (0.50–1.12)	0.157
Rural	0.84 (0.47–1.62)	0.565
Hospital characteristics
Medical center	1.19 (0.81–1.76)	0.378
Region/others	1
Number of admissions during the 12 months leading up to dialysis
0–1	1
> 1	1.59 (1.05–2.43)	0.031
Dialysis modality
Peritoneal dialysis	1
Hemodialysis	1.24 (0.54–2.81)	0.614
Comorbidity
Hypertension	1.22 (0.85–1.75)	0.275
Hyperlipidemia	0.43 (0.23–0.81)	0.008	0.45 (0.24–0.85)	0.014
Gout	0.85 (0.50–1.46)	0.557
Congestive heart failure	1.27 (0.85–1.89)	0.239
Cerebrovascular accident	2.03 (1.28–3.22)	0.003	2.04 (1.27–3.29)	0.003
COPD	1.92 (1.18–3.14)	0.009	1.68 (1.03–2.76)	0.039
Chronic liver disease	1.00 (0.47–2.15)	0.998
Malignancy	1.65 (0.98–2.80)	0.061
ACEI/ARB use	0.68 (0.48–0.97)	0.033
Lipid-lowering drugs use	0.50 (0.33–0.76)	0.001	0.66 (0.43–1.02)	0.060

HR hazard ratio, CI confidence interval, aHR adjusted hazard ratio, OHA oral hypoglycemia agents, COPD chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, ACEI angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors, ARB angiotensin II receptor blockers